Elemental composition of dog foods using nitric acid and simulated gastric digestions

Kelly, D. G.; White, S.; Weir, Ron D.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.057

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Indeed, in a total of 162 samples of complete dry dog foods from 22 European countries, the median Zn content was 157.5 mg/kg [32]. Similarly, Kelly et al reported a median Zn content of 140 mg/kg DM in 18 dry dog foods [33], while Pereira et al obtained a much higher median, of 310 mg/kg DM, for 20 samples of dry dog food belonging to different market segments [24]. In the present study, the amount of dietary Zn supplied (5.95 to 7.15 mg/kg BW 0.75 ; Table 4) was higher than the minimum requirement (2 mg/kg BW 0.75 ) established by the NRC for adult dogs in maintenance [1].…”

Section: Food Composition and Intakementioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Zinc Source and Exogenous Enzymes Supplementation on Zinc Status in Dogs Fed High Phytate Diets

Pereira

Guedes

Matos³

et al. 2020

Animals

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Zinc is an essential element, a cofactor of many enzymes, and performs catalytic, structural and regulatory functions. Once in the gastrointestinal tract, zinc can interact with food constituents. Phytic acid, the major phosphorus storage in plants, limits zinc availability from animal feeds due to the formation of insoluble complexes with phytates. This study tested the effect of supplemental zinc source (zinc sulfate and a chelate zinc proteinate) and the addition of exogenous enzymes from a solid-state fermentation product of Aspergillus niger to a high phytate diet. The study was designed according to three Latin Squares 4 × 4 with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, with four periods, four diets, and 12 young adult Beagles. Periods lasted 5 weeks each. Diets were supplemented with 75 mg/kg of zinc sulfate (IZ) or zinc proteinate (OZ), and without or with 200 mg/kg of exogenous enzymes (IZ+, OZ+). Results showed that zinc proteinate increased the bioavailability of phosphorus, yet the zinc biomarkers remained unaffected by the zinc source, with the exception of lymphocyte subsets that benefit from zinc proteinate. The use of exogenous enzymes did not affect zinc availability nor nutrient and energy digestibility.

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Section: Food Composition and Intakementioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Zinc Source and Exogenous Enzymes Supplementation on Zinc Status in Dogs Fed High Phytate Diets

Pereira

Guedes

Matos³

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…An aliquot (~0.5 g of dry matter) of the plant sample was weighed in a quartzglass digestion vessel (volume 35 mL) and 10.0 ml of concentrated nitric acid (Analytika Ltd., Czech Republic) was added; the mixture was heated at maximum power 300 W, temperature 202°C, and pressure 21 bar for 8 minutes. After cooling, the solution was quantitatively transferred to plastic tubes, filled to 50 mL with deionized water, and kept at laboratory temperature until measurement (Kelly et al, 2013). For quality assurance of the data SRM NIST 1547 Peach leaves was applied.…”

Section: Determination Of Total Element Contents In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of broccoli (Brassica oleraceaconvar.italica) varieties on foliar application of selenium: uptake, translocation, and speciation

Šindelářová

Száková

Tremlová

et al. 2015

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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A model small-scale field experiment was set up to investigate selenium (Se) uptake by four different varieties of broccoli plants, as well as the effect of Se foliar application on the uptake of essential elements for plants calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn). Foliar application of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) was carried out at two rates (25 and 50 g Se/ha), and an untreated control variant was included. Analyses of individual parts of broccoli were performed, whereby it was found that Se in the plant accumulates mainly in the flower heads and slightly less in the leaves, stems, and roots, regardless of the Se rate and broccoli variety. In most cases, there was a statistically significant increase of Se content in all parts of the plant, while there was no confirmed systematic influence of the addition of Se on the changing intake of other monitored elements. Selenization of broccoli leads to an effective increase in the Se content at a rate of 25 g/ha, whereas the higher rate did not result in a substantial increase of Se content compared to the lower rate in all varieties. Therefore, the rate of 25 g/ha can be recommended as effective to produce broccoli with an increased Se content suitable for consumption. Moreover, Se application resulted in an adequate increase of the main organic compounds of Se, such as selenocystine (SeCys2), selenomethionine (SeMet), and Se-methylselenocysteine (Se-MeSeCys).

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“…Nutritional guidelines provide minimum and, in some cases, maximum recommended Molecules 2020, 25, 5173 2 of 24 levels for the elements that are essential in a dog's diet (Ca, P, K, Na, Cl, Mg, Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn). Their quantities in dog food should be monitored and are verified in scientific research [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], as it is important for animal heath safety [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Composition of Cereal and Cereal-Free Dry Dog Foods versus Nutritional Guidelines

2020

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The aims of the present work are to estimate the nutritional value and to evaluate and compare the levels of macroelements (Ca, P, K, Na, Mg), microelements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu), heavy metals (Co, Cd, Pb, Mo, Cr, Ni), and their ratios in extruded complete foods for adult dogs, their compatibility with nutritional guidelines, as well as food profile similarity. Basic composition was determined according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Analyses for elements were performed using an atomic absorption spectrometer. All the evaluated dry dog foods met the minimum recommended levels for protein and fat. Eighteen tested dog foods (60%) did not meet at least one recommendation of nutritional guidelines. Four dog foods exceeded the legal limit of Fe and five foods exceeded the legal limit of Zn; in one of them, Zn level was almost twice higher. Dog foods with insect protein exceeded the legal limit for Mn content. Eight dog foods had an inappropriate Ca:P ratio. Heavy metals were below detection limit in all analyzed dog foods. The results seem to show the need for regular feed analyses of the elemental composition in raw materials before introducing supplementation and for the monitoring of the mineral composition of finished pet food.

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Elemental composition of dog foods using nitric acid and simulated gastric digestions

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Zinc Source and Exogenous Enzymes Supplementation on Zinc Status in Dogs Fed High Phytate Diets

Effect of Zinc Source and Exogenous Enzymes Supplementation on Zinc Status in Dogs Fed High Phytate Diets

The response of broccoli (Brassica oleraceaconvar.italica) varieties on foliar application of selenium: uptake, translocation, and speciation

Mineral Composition of Cereal and Cereal-Free Dry Dog Foods versus Nutritional Guidelines

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