Electrospun polyamide–polyethylene glycol nanofibers for headspace solid‐phase microextration

Abstract

A solution of polyamide (PA) containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a side low-molecular-weight polymer was electrospun. After synthesizing the PA-PEG nanofibers, the constituent was subsequently removed (modified PA) and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy images showed an average diameter of 640 and 148 nm for PA and PA-PEG coatings, respectively, while the latter coating structure was more homogeneous and porous. The extraction efficiencies of PA, PA-PEG, and the modified PA fiber coatings were assayed by headspace solid-phase microextraction of a number of chlorophenols from real water samples followed by their determination by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. To prepare the most appropriate coatings, the amounts and the flow rate of the electrospinning solution were investigated. Various extraction parameters, such as the salt content, desorption condition, extraction temperature, and time were optimized. The limits of detection of the method were in the range of 0.8-25 ng/L, while the RSDs at two concentration levels of 200 and 80 ng/L were between 2.1 and 12.2%. The analysis of real water samples led to relative recoveries between 85 and 98% with a linearity of 8-1500 ng/L.

Electrospun nanofibres in agriculture and the food industry: a review

“…Analytes desorption and their subsequent determination by GC/MS showed that this nanofibrous sorbent is stable against most of the organic solvents and can be used for more than 200 times to measure pesticides with acceptable analytical parameters. High extraction yields were achieved by Bagheri et al in chlorophenols enrichment using modified electrospun PA nanofibres . In this study, PEG was added to the PA solution to increase the electrical conductivity of the solution and to facilitate PA electrospinnability.…”

“…High extraction yields were achieved by Bagheri et al in chlorophenols enrichment using modified electrospun PA nanofibres. 93 In this study, PEG was added to the PA solution to increase the electrical conductivity of the solution and to facilitate PA electrospinnability. Then, PEG was removed from the nanofibres mat by immersing the nanofibres in water to obtain modified PA nanofibres.…”

Polyetherimide Nanofibres as Sorbents for Organochlorinated Pesticides Determination

“…Our study contributes to the fresh technique of making SPME assemblies from nanofibres. First analytically successful preparations of electrospun SPME assemblies were announced few years earlier: in 2012 for polyamide [14]; in 2014 for polyacrylate-polyethylene glycol copolymer (PA-PEG) [15] and for polyetherimide (PEI) [16]. The latter polymer is also the topic of this research.…”

Application of packed porous nanofibers—Solid‐phase extraction for the detection of sulfonamide residues from environmental water samples by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry

“…Nanofibers, as new materials, have drawn attention to research for potential applications in diverse fields, such as biomedical materials and catalysts . Nanofibers have diameters ranging from nanometer to micrometer and a high‐specific surface area, which make them favorable for SPE . The effective interaction between the target compounds and nanofibers could greatly reduce the usage of both the solid phase and desorption solvent, which is more environmentally friendly .…”

“…Most of the studies use the different principles of phase separation as the main ways to generate porous structure in organic‐based electrospun porous nanofibers preparation , such as the solvent evaporation induced phase separation , the nonsolvent induced phase separation , the blending electrospinning phase separation , and the copolymer electrospinning phase separation . Electrospun nanofibers are applied in SPE to prepare many kinds of samples and have obtained good performance . But so far, there are few studies focusing on porous eletrospun nanofibers used as an SPE material.…”