Electronic moxibustion apparatus and traditional moxibustion in treating knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Xue, Kaiping; Xing, Qiu-juan; Wang, Yaqiong; Wu, Jing; Hai-yin, Zhao; Wang, Lu

doi:10.1007/s11726-020-1190-z

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In a study by Kang et al [10] using the same brand of electronic moxibustion device as used in the 3 case reports retrospectively reviewed, similar adverse events such as redness and crust formation occurred, and in the study by Xue et al [11], Tang et al [12], and Lu et al [14] using the same device which was set at 46-50°C, no adverse events were reported. This implies the possibility of differences in contact material, contact area, and the rate of temperature change of the device.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Adverse events reported in the selected studies for literature review All studies included in the qualitative analysis were RCTs. The details of the adverse events reported and intervention details in the selected studies are shown in Table 3 [10][11][12][13][14]. Adverse events were reported in 2 studies, no adverse events were reported in 2 studies, and adverse events were not mentioned in 1 study.…”

Section: Results Of Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature review performed for this current study, 2 studies where higher temperatures and longer duration times of electronic moxibustion treatment were used no adverse events were reported [11,12]. In 2 other studies that did report adverse events, burns more severe than 2nd degree burns were not mentioned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is difficult to determine which factors are associated with preventing burns during electronic moxibustion treatment. However, in the studies by Tang and Xue [11,12], wormwood oil was applied before the attachment of electronic moxibustion device. It is necessary to consider whether the application of oil could prevent burns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Events of Electronic Moxibustion Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: Case Reports and a Literature Review

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

J Acupunct Res

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Background: Electronic moxibustion has the advantage of temperature control and maintenance, and overcomes the limitations of the existing moxibustion process without the use of the combustion process. However, as the application of electronic moxibustion in clinical practice has increased, safety issues are emerging.Methods: Clinical cases of electronic moxibustion treatment for knee osteoarthritis where burns occurred were collected. In addition, adverse events reported in clinical studies using electronic moxibustion for patients with knee osteoarthritis were collected from studies retrieved from Korean and international databases.Results: There were 3 cases of superficial 2nd degree burns retrospectively collected through chart reviews. Among the selected 5 studies for literature review, 2 studies reported adverse events which were burns milder than those reported in these 3 cases in this retrospective case review.Conclusion: Since the risk of superficial 2nd degree burn was discovered in the cases reviewed, further research on safe electronic moxibustion treatment is required without compromising the effectiveness of moxibustion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Results Of Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Events of Electronic Moxibustion Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: Case Reports and a Literature Review

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

J Acupunct Res

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“…EM was recently developed to minimize side effects such as burns and overcome therapeutic complications such as smoke or smell arising from TIM [11]. Furthermore, there have been clinical studies investigating the efficacy of EM for breast cancer-related lymphedema [16], ankylosing spondylitis [17], shoulder periarthritis [12], knee osteoarthritis [18,19], lumbar stenosis [20] and traffic accident-induced lumbago [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Characteristics of Traditional Indirect Moxibustion and Electronic Moxibustion

Kim

Jang

et al. 2022

J Acupunct Meridian Stud

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Background: Electronic moxibustion (EM) was developed to minimize the side effects of traditional moxibustion, such as burns, and to overcome therapeutic compliances such as smoke or smell. Objectives: To investigate distributions and thermal stimulation of EM at various depths using silicon phantom and to compare this methodology to traditional indirect moxibustion (TIM). Methods: A silicon phantom composed of polydimethylsiloxane was heated and immersed in a hot plate containing warm water to set the phantom's temperature to that of biological tissue. K-type thermocouples were inserted into the phantom at depths of 0, 2, 5, 7, and 10 mm to measure temperature changes with thermal stimulation of EM or TIM placed on top of the phantom. Results: At the surface of the phantom, the peak temperature after applying TIM (55.04 ± 0.92℃ [Δ23.79 ± 0.96℃]) was significantly higher than after EM (43.25 ± 1.95℃ [Δ13.00 ± 2.23℃]), with both interventions reaching the highest temperature after 2 minutes. The temperature increase for TIM was also statistically significant compared to EM when measured at a depth of 2 mm. For the experimental setting with TIM, after reaching peak surface temperature, a rapid decrease was observed at the surface and 2 mm while EM showed a much more gradual decline. There was no significant difference in temperature change between the groups at depths of 5, 7, and 10 mm. Conclusion: TIM resulted in a higher temperature rise compared to EM at the surface and at a 2 mm depth reaching over 50℃, which creates risk of burns. Thermal stimulation with EM had a lower risk of burns with temperature increment not being statistically different from TIM below the depth of 5 mm.

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Design of Electronic Moxibustion Instrument for Umbilical Therapy and Preliminary Analysis of Temperature Field

Shao

Han

Wang

et al. 2020

Int. J. Robot. Autom. Technol.

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Moxibustion has a history of thousands of years. Umbilical moxibustion achieves prevention and treatment of diseases through moxibustion at the golden section of the human body-the umbilicus. It has enough clinical practice experience. Traditional treatment methods have problems such as irritating smoke, uncontrollable temperature, experience-based, and difficult to quantify. Based on the principle of traditional umbilical moxibustion, a structural design of an electronic smokeless umbilical moxibustion instrument is proposed, which belongs to indirect moxibustion and has the advantages of smokeless, electric heating, portability, temperature monitoring and controllability. The internal heat transfer process of the moxibustion instrument is mainly heat convection and heat radiation. Based on ANSYS software, the internal temperature field of the moxibustion instrument is analyzed, and the steady-state temperature distribution and the temperature change characteristic curve of different positions with time are obtained to verify the rationality of the structural design. At the same time, lay a research foundation for the measurable and quantifiable effects of moxibustion on umbilical therapy.

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Electronic moxibustion apparatus and traditional moxibustion in treating knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Adverse Events of Electronic Moxibustion Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: Case Reports and a Literature Review

Adverse Events of Electronic Moxibustion Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: Case Reports and a Literature Review

Temperature Characteristics of Traditional Indirect Moxibustion and Electronic Moxibustion

Design of Electronic Moxibustion Instrument for Umbilical Therapy and Preliminary Analysis of Temperature Field

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