Electromechanical Modeling of Vibration-Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerator with Multilayered Cross-Section for Low-Power Consumption Devices

Abstract

Piezoelectric nanogenerators can convert energy from ambient vibrations into electrical energy. In the future, these nanogenerators could substitute conventional electrochemical batteries to supply electrical energy to consumer electronics. The optimal design of nanogenerators is fundamental in order to achieve their best electromechanical behavior. We present the analytical electromechanical modeling of a vibration-based piezoelectric nanogenerator composed of a double-clamped beam with five multilayered cross-sections. This nanogenerator design has a central seismic mass (910 μm thickness) and substrate (125 μm thickness) of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as well as a zinc oxide film (100 nm thickness) at the bottom of each end. The zinc oxide (ZnO) films have two aluminum electrodes (100 nm thickness) through which the generated electrical energy is extracted. The analytical electromechanical modeling is based on the Rayleigh method, Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and Macaulay method. In addition, finite element method (FEM) models are developed to estimate the electromechanical behavior of the nanogenerator. These FEM models consider air damping at atmospheric pressure and optimum load resistance. The analytical modeling results agree well with respect to those of FEM models. For applications under accelerations in y-direction of 2.50 m/s2 and an optimal load resistance of 32,458 Ω, the maximum output power and output power density of the nanogenerator at resonance (119.9 Hz) are 50.44 μW and 82.36 W/m3, respectively. This nanogenerator could be used to convert the ambient mechanical vibrations into electrical energy and supply low-power consumption devices.

Triboelectric behaviour of selected zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks: exploring chemical, morphological and topological influences

“…13 Similarly, Elvira-Hernández and co-workers effectively created their own copper tape by coating copper with an adhesive glue on which they deposited prickly pear cactus powder. 14 By another similar strategy, Xie and co-workers deposited instant noodle powder onto double-sided tape which was then stuck to the electrode. 15 An alternative but arguably more popular strategy involves doping polymer materials with various materials such as cat hair dispersed in poly(vinyl butyrate polymer matrix), 16 ionic liquid coated single-wall carbon nanotubes embedded in polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS), 17 clay embedded chitosan lms, 18 polyvinylidine diuoride (PVDF) loaded with ferromagnetic cobalt ferrite, 19 graphite loaded PDMS, 20 MOF loaded polymers, 21 and peruoro-silane coupling agent modied silica nanoparticles embedded in PVDF.…”