ELECTROKINETICS. XX. INTERFACIAL ENERGY AND THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. VI: The Electric Moment of Aliphatic Alcohols, Acids, and Esters at Cellulose and Aluminum Oxide Interfaces¹

High-voltage electroosmosis. Pressure-voltage behavior in the system .gamma.-alumina-2-propanol

“…and / is the proportionality constant, in esu cm, linking the concentration of ions in the bulk to the charge density below the plane of shear. Substituting eq 8 into eq 7 leads to P = 1.334 X ef2 ^N(¡kTDc\j¿ (9) It follows from eq 1 that c = a0c0 fl + \ + 24 + ......) (10) where Cq is the concentration of the weak electrolyte in the fluid in the pore volume of the porous system. Substituting eq 10 into eq 9 (up to b only), together with the values of the physical constants and setting D = 18.3 and T = 298°g ives P = 1.055 X 1013 1 + 2.88 X 108 (11) where is defined as = f]/a0c0/r2 (12) In the absence of weak electrolyte c0 = 0 and the system should obey eq 3 where f should then be the intrinsic electrokinetic potential of the solid-liquid couple.…”

Electrokinetics. XXI. Electrokinetic Theory. Streaming Potential and the Electroösmotic Counter Effect.

“…However, some data on pressure-potential ratios are available. Although Martin and Gortner (22) reported that streaming potential-pressure ratios were not constants in various alcohol-cellulose systems, Lauffer and Gortner (21) have recently pointed out that the data of Martin and Gortner show that the streaming potential is a linear function of the streaming pressure. Constancy of potential-pressure ratios demands that streaming potential-pressure graphs not only be straight lines, but also that they pass through the origin of coordinates.…”

“…In preceding publications of this series (19,21,22) it was assumed that the theory of Helmholtz (18) could be applied to streaming potential studies involving organic liquids and various solids. In this paper the justification of such an assumption will be attempted.…”

“…Constancy of potential-pressure ratios demands that streaming potential-pressure graphs not only be straight lines, but also that they pass through the origin of coordinates. It was suggested (21) that the lines obtained by plotting these data failed to pass through the origin because the potentials recorded represented streaming potentials increased or diminished by constant potentials originating elsewhere in the electrical circuit. Jensen and Gortner (19) found pressure-potential ratios to be constant for several acid-aluminum oxide and ester-aluminum oxide systems, and Lauffer and Gortner (21) found further that these ratios were constants in a considerable number of alcohol-aluminum oxide, organic acid-cellulose, and ester-cellulose systems.…”

“…It was suggested (21) that the lines obtained by plotting these data failed to pass through the origin because the potentials recorded represented streaming potentials increased or diminished by constant potentials originating elsewhere in the electrical circuit. Jensen and Gortner (19) found pressure-potential ratios to be constant for several acid-aluminum oxide and ester-aluminum oxide systems, and Lauffer and Gortner (21) found further that these ratios were constants in a considerable number of alcohol-aluminum oxide, organic acid-cellulose, and ester-cellulose systems. It is seen, then, that one essential requirement of the double layer theory of Helmholtz is fulfilled by organic liquid-solid systems.…”