Based on finite Hankle transforms, this paper presents a theoretical method for analyzing the dynamic focusing effect of piezoelectric fibers subjected to the thermal shock of a transitory temperature change produced by a sudden electric current pulse. From analytical expressions and example calculations for two kinds of piezoelectric fibers, PZT-4 and BaTiO 3 , it is found that the dynamic focusing effect is dependent on the material property of the piezoelectric fibers so that the maximum dynamic stress amplitude of the two kinds of piezoelectric fiber occur at different radial points. The mechanism of the dynamic focusing effect in piezoelectric fibers is relevant to the evaluation of the dynamic strength and electric signal of the piezoelectric fiber. The results carried out may be used as a reference to solve other transient coupled electrothermoelasticity problems in piezoelectric structures.Keywords Piezoelectric fiber · Dynamic focusing effect · Thermal shock Nomenclature u r Radial displacement (m) c ij , e ij , Elastic constants (N/m 2 ) and piezoelectric constants (C/m 2 ) α i , g 11 Thermal expansion coefficients (1/k) and dielectric constants (C 2 /N m 2 ) λ i , β 1 Thermal modulus (N/m 2 • C) and pyroelectric coefficient (C/m 2 • C) σ i , D rThe component of stresses (N/m 2 ) and radial electric displacement (C/m 2 ) ϕ(r, t)Electric potential (W/A) T (r, t) Temperature change function ( • C) ρ, tMass density (kg/m 3 ) and time variable (s) r Radial variable (m) C L Electrothermoelastic wave speed (m/s) ωThe inherent frequency of a piezoelectric solid fiber (1/s).
Nondimensional quantitiesR = r/a τ = C L t/a σ * r = σ r /(λ 1 T 0 ) σ * θ = σ θ /(λ 1 T 0 ) ϕ * = ϕ/(λ 1 T 0 ), (V /P a)