Electrochemical study of different membrane materials for the fabrication of stable, reproducible and reusable reference electrode

Al-Shara, Nawar K.; Sher, Farooq; Iqbal, Sania Zafar; Sajid, Zaman

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2020.01.008

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This improved the removal rate and also reduced the amount of liquid material re-to the surface. Kunieda et al [23] and Singh et al [27] have also reported similar findings.…”

Section: Response Surface Of Mrrsupporting

confidence: 55%

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Electric discharge drilling with gas-assisted multi-hole slotted tool

et al. 2020

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This paper proposes the use of a novel electrode containing modified design explicitly intended to promote gas-assisted tool rotation-induced debris removal. The proposed tool was observed to be efficient in dispensing the accumulation of eroded materials from the discharge gaps. In this work, the influence of process parameters like discharge current, tool speed, gas pressure, pulse duration, and duty cycle has been investigated on output responses: material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear ratio (EWR), and surface roughness (SR). A comparative study of the output responses was made with a solid rotary tool and the gas-aided multi-hole slotted tool. The outcome reveals that the application of the multi-hole slotted tool increased the MRR in Air assisted electric discharge machining (AAEDD) by 40-80%. Besides this, the EWR decreased in AAEDD by 17-25% compared to rotary electric discharge machining (REDD). Moreover, the SR of the AAEDD process was comparatively higher (9-15%) than that of the REDD process. It has been found less surface crack, micropores and recast layers on specimens machined by the AAEDD process in comparison to the REDD process. This work proposed a novel method for improving the machining performance by improving the flushing efficiency of the machining gap on the way to improve the material removal mechanism.

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“…This improved the removal rate and also reduced the amount of liquid material re-to the surface. Kunieda et al [23] and Singh et al [27] have also reported similar findings.…”

Section: Response Surface Of Mrrsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Researchers have also explored the use of different novel reference electrodes in various processes [22][23]. The finding indicated that novel electrodes have a positive impact on the performance of the process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric discharge drilling with gas-assisted multi-hole slotted tool

et al. 2020

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“…The molten hydroxide salt is preferred in the case of hydrogen production leading to hydrocarbons formation. Hydrocarbon molecules can be formed basically through a H2 reaction with either C or CO as the same mechanism for molten chlorides 49 . In most experiments using molten hydroxides, the conversion of CO2 was very high but the hydrocarbon yields were still low.…”

Section: Molten Hydroxide Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Production of Sustainable Hydrocarbon Fuels from CO₂ Co-electrolysis in Eutectic Molten Melts

Al-Juboori

Sher

Khalid

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Due to the heavy reliance of people on the limited fossil fuel as energy resources, global warming has increased to severe levels due to huge CO2 emission into the atmosphere. To mitigate this situation, a green method is presented here for the conversion of CO2/H2O into sustainable hydrocarbon fuels via electrolysis in eutectic molten salts ((KCl-LiCl; 41:59 mol%), (LiOH-NaOH; 27:73 mol%), (KOH-NaOH; 50:50 mol%), (Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3; 43.5:31.5:25 mol%)) at the conditions of 1.5-2 V and 225-475 o C depending upon molten electrolyte used. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC-MS techniques were employed to analyse the content of gaseous products. The electrolysis results in hydrocarbon production with maximum 59.30, 87.70 and 99% faraday efficiency in case of molten chloride, molten hydroxide and molten carbonate electrolytes under the temperature of 375, 275 and 425 o C 2 respectively. The Gas chromatography (GC) with FID and TCD detectors and GC-MS analysis confirmed that the H2 and CH4 were the main products in case of molten chlorides and hydroxides at 2 V applied voltage while longer hydrocarbons (>C1) were obtained only in molten carbonates at 1.5 V. Through this manner, electricity is transformed into chemical energy. The heating values obtained from the produced hydrocarbon fuels are satisfactory for further application. The practice of molten salts could be a promising and encouraging technology for further fundamental investigation for sustainable hydrocarbon fuel formation with more product concentrations due to its fast-electrolytic conversion rate without the use of catalyst.

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“…Since Boddy et al reported the first scientific case on water splitting by using n-type semiconductor TiO 2 as anode material in 1968 [3], many researchers have been devoted to the study of hydrogen production by water splitting [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Conventional hydrogen production methods are mainly based on fossil-fuel technology, such as steam reforming [9], partial oxidation and coal gasification [10,11], which are not sustainable and usually lead to heavily CO 2 emission. Besides, nuclear energy [12] and thermogravimetry analyzer (TGA) [13] technologies both can be used to produce hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Atoms and Nanoparticles Embedded Porous Carbons for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Kang

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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Due to the growing demand for energy and imminent environmental issues, hydrogen energy has attracted widespread attention as an alternative to traditional fossil energy. Platinum (Pt) catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a promising technology to produce hydrogen because the consumed electricity can be generated from renewable energy. To overcome the high cost of Pt, one effective strategy is decreasing the Pt nanoparticle (NP) size from submicron to nano-scale or even down to single atom level for efficient interacting water molecules. Herein, atomically dispersed Pt and ultra-fine Pt NPs embedded porous carbons were prepared through the pyrolysis of Pt porphyrin-based conjugated microporous polymer. As-prepared electrocatalyst exhibit high HER activity with overpotential of down to 31 mV at 10 mA cm−2, and mass activity of up to 1.3 A mgPt−1 at overpotential of 100 mV, which is double of commercial Pt/C (0.66 A mgPt−1). Such promising performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of the atomically dispersed Pt and ultra-fine Pt NPs. This work provides a new strategy to prepare porous carbons with both atomically dispersed metal active sites and corresponding metal NPs for various electrocatalysis, such as oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction, etc.

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Electrochemical study of different membrane materials for the fabrication of stable, reproducible and reusable reference electrode

Cited by 80 publications

References 36 publications

Electric discharge drilling with gas-assisted multi-hole slotted tool

Electric discharge drilling with gas-assisted multi-hole slotted tool

Electrochemical Production of Sustainable Hydrocarbon Fuels from CO₂ Co-electrolysis in Eutectic Molten Melts

Platinum Atoms and Nanoparticles Embedded Porous Carbons for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Electrochemical study of different membrane materials for the fabrication of stable, reproducible and reusable reference electrode

Cited by 80 publications

References 36 publications

Electric discharge drilling with gas-assisted multi-hole slotted tool

Electric discharge drilling with gas-assisted multi-hole slotted tool

Electrochemical Production of Sustainable Hydrocarbon Fuels from CO2 Co-electrolysis in Eutectic Molten Melts

Platinum Atoms and Nanoparticles Embedded Porous Carbons for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Electrochemical Production of Sustainable Hydrocarbon Fuels from CO₂ Co-electrolysis in Eutectic Molten Melts