Electrochemical study and detection of perphenazine using a gold electrode modified with decanethiol SAM

Zeng, Baizhao; Yang, Yong; Ding, Xiaolei; Zhao, Faqiong

doi:10.1016/s0039-9140(03)00381-3

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…2 Therefore, it is important to develop simple and sensitive methods for the determination of this drug. A wide variety of analytical techniques are available for the determination of perphenazine in pharmaceutical preparations and biological samples, such as HPLC, 2-6 mass spectrometry, 7-10 spectrophotometry, [11][12][13] electrochemistry, 14 electrophoresis 15,16 and fluorescence. 17 Chemiluminescence (CL) is becoming a powerful analytical tool due to its high sensitivity, wide linear dynamic range and simple instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also it is found to be effectual in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 1 The monitoring of the perphenazine is important for quality assurance in pharmaceutical industry and for obtaining optimum therapeutic concentrations in body fluids to minimize the risk of toxicity. The therapeutic range and toxic threshold of perphenazine in serum were reported 4-30 and 50-100 ng mL In experimentation, we attempt to monitor the effects of certain inputs or material on the subject matter of interest.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sensitive determination of perphenazine in pharmaceuticals and human serum by flow injection chemiluminescence method using [Ru(phen)3]2+-ce(IV) system and a chemometrical optimization approach

Rezaei

Mokhtari

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Este artigo descreve um método de quimioluminescência (CL) simples, rápido e sensível para a determinação de perfenazina usando sistema de injeção em fluxo (FI). Todas as variáveis que podem afetar a resposta do método CL foram otimizadas empregando planejamento composto central (CCD) para o planejamento experimental e metodologia de superfície de resposta (RSM) para a modelagem. A otimização usando CCD comparativamente ao método univariado mostrou uma melhora significativa na sensibilidade. Sob condições experimentais ótimas, uma ampla região linear foi obtida entre a concentração do analito e a altura do pico, dentro do intervalo de 1,2 a 1.300 ng mL -1 com coeficiente de correlação de 0,9978. O limite de detecção foi de 0,4 ng mL -1(S/N = 3) e o desvio padrão relativo para 6 repetições de uma solução contendo 70,5 ng mLfoi menor que 4%. Esse método foi aplicado com sucesso na quantificação de perfenazina em formulações farmacêuticas e em soro humano com adequadas recuperações (95,3-104,0%). A frequência analítica foi de 100 ± 5 amostras por hora.This paper describes a simple, rapid and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of perphenazine by flow injection (FI) system. All variables that can affect the CL response were optimized by employing central composite design (CCD) for the experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) for the modeling. Optimization by means of CCD method with respect to conventional single factor at a time method showed a significant improvement in the sensitivity. Under the optimum experimental conditions, a wide linear relationship between analyte concentration and peak height was obtained within the range 1.2-1,300 ng mL -1 with correlation coefficient of 0.9978. The limit of detection was 0.4 ng mL -1 (S/N = 3) and the relative standard deviation for 6 repeated measurements of a solution containing 70.5 ng mL -1 was lower than 4%. This method was successfully applied for the quantification of perphenazine in pharmaceutical formulations and human serum with good recoveries (95.3-104.0%). Sample throughput was 100 ± 5 samples per hour. Keywords: flow injection, chemiluminescence, perphenazine, central composite design IntroductionPerphenazine belongs to the phenothiazine family of drugs. Because of its neuroleptic and antidepressive actions, it is often prescribed for the treatment of psychotic patients such as schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychoses in order to decrease restlessness, aggressiveness and impulsive behavior. Also it is found to be effectual in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 1 The monitoring of the perphenazine is important for quality assurance in pharmaceutical industry and for obtaining optimum therapeutic concentrations in body fluids to minimize the risk of toxicity. The therapeutic range and toxic threshold of perphenazine in serum were reported 4-30 and 50-100 ng mL In experimentation, we attempt to monitor the effects of certain inputs or material on the subject matter of interest. The advantages of the experimenta...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive determination of perphenazine in pharmaceuticals and human serum by flow injection chemiluminescence method using [Ru(phen)3]2+-ce(IV) system and a chemometrical optimization approach

Rezaei

Mokhtari

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…methods are also described, using selective adsorption of phenothiazine derivatives on properly modified (e.g. with a DNA solution, 26,27 cyclodextrins, 28 dekanotiol, 29 Pt nanoparticle 30 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes [31][32][33] ) electrode surfaces. This work presents experiments concerning electrochemical oxidation of selected phenothiazine and azaphenothiazine derivatives at a new electrode material, the boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive and Rapid Voltammetric Determination of Phenothiazine and Azaphenothiazine Derivatives in Pharmaceuticals Using a Boron-doped Diamond Electrode

Mielech-Łukasiewicz

Staskowska

2015

ANAL. SCI.

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“…Recently, it was found to be effectual in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 1 Since it has such function and application, some researchers have been attracted to study its characteristics, and to obtain simple and sensitive detection methods for it. So far, many methods have been developed for its determination, such as electrochemistry, 1 fluorescence, 2 chemiluminescence, 3 spectrophotometry, [4][5][6] and titrimetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Since it has such function and application, some researchers have been attracted to study its characteristics, and to obtain simple and sensitive detection methods for it. So far, many methods have been developed for its determination, such as electrochemistry, 1 fluorescence, 2 chemiluminescence, 3 spectrophotometry, [4][5][6] and titrimetry. [7][8][9] A luminol-potassium ferricyanide-perphenazine CL reaction that shows high sensitivity for the determination of perphenazine was found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemiluminescence Sensor for the Determination of Perphenazine Based on a Molecular Imprinted Polymer

Niu

Nie

2006

ANAL. SCI.

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Experimental ApparatusThe schematic diagram of the sensor used in this work is shown in Fig. 1. The reagent solutions and sample solutions were delivered with two peristaltic pumps. PTFE tubes (0.8 mm i.d.) were used to connect all components in the flow system. CL measurements were performed using an IFFL-D CL analyzer (Xi'an Remax Electronic High-Tech Ltd., China). A luminol-potassium ferricyanide-perphenazine CL reaction with high sensitivity for the determination of perphenazine was found. A perphenazine molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized. Using the perphenazine MIP as a recognition material, a novel molecular imprinting-chemiluminescence (MI-CL) sensor for the determination of perphenazine was made based on the luminol-potassium ferricyanide-perphenazine CL reaction. The sensor displayed good selectivity and high sensitivity. The linear-response range of the sensor was 5.0 × 10 -8 -1.0 × 10 -5 g/ml with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9961. The detection limit was 2 × 10 -8 g/ml perphenazine and the relative standard deviation for 1.0 × 10 -6 g/ml perphenazine solution was 3.7% (n = 11). The sensor was applied to the determination of perphenazine in urine samples with satisfactory results.

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Electrochemical study and detection of perphenazine using a gold electrode modified with decanethiol SAM

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Sensitive determination of perphenazine in pharmaceuticals and human serum by flow injection chemiluminescence method using [Ru(phen)3]2+-ce(IV) system and a chemometrical optimization approach

Sensitive determination of perphenazine in pharmaceuticals and human serum by flow injection chemiluminescence method using [Ru(phen)3]2+-ce(IV) system and a chemometrical optimization approach

Sensitive and Rapid Voltammetric Determination of Phenothiazine and Azaphenothiazine Derivatives in Pharmaceuticals Using a Boron-doped Diamond Electrode

Chemiluminescence Sensor for the Determination of Perphenazine Based on a Molecular Imprinted Polymer

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