Electrochemical reduction and oxidation of two cephalosporin antibiotics: Ceftriaxone (rocephin) and cefoperazone (cefobid)

Abstract

Two cephalosporin antibiotic derivatives, ceftriaxone (CFRX) and cefoperazone (CFPZ), have been studied by direct current, differential pulse polarography (DPP), and cyclic voltammetry. Both give rise to two irreversible two-electron reduction steps. The characteristics of the corresponding electrode reactions are discussed. The electrooxidation of both drugs was also studied at the carbon paste electrode (CPE). Both drugs give rise to one oxidation peak at about 1-1.05 V vs. SCE (pH 1.6, phosphate buffer solution). Optimum pH ranges for the determination of these drugs at the CPE are also given. Linear calibration plots were obtained over the concentration ranges 0.49 to 99 pg/mL and 0.66 to 534 pg/mL for CFRX and CFPZ, respectively. Detection limits of 2.5 ng/mL and 0.13 pg/mL for CFRX and CFPZ, respectively, were readily achieved.

Carbon Paste Electrodes in Facts, Numbers, and Notes: A Review on the Occasion of the 50‐Years Jubilee of Carbon Paste in Electrochemistry and Electroanalysis

“…iv) Africa. Starting from Morocco [295] and Egypt [286,294,300,301], CPEs appear across the continent: in Senegal [326], Cameroon [226], Ethiopia [327], and South Africa [25,328]. v) Asia.…”

A Polarographic Study of the Reactivity of Cephalothin with Alkaline Picrate

“…Under acidic conditions, cephalothin and its analogous compounds with a leavable substitute on the 3-methylene group exhibit a reduction wave in the vicinity of −1 V (24-30). Based on chemical (31) and electrochemical (29,(32)(33)(34)(35) reduction results, this wave has been attributed to the reductive elimination of the substitute on the 3-methylene group (29,(32)(33)(34)(35). The half-wave reduction potential for this wave has been reported as highly dependent upon pH, shifting to more negative potentials as pH increases (26,28,29,32), with the diffusion current decreasing dramatically (25,27,32).…”

Structural relationships and theoretical study of the free energies of electron transfer, electrochemical properties, and electron transfer kinetic of cephalosporin antibiotics derivatives with fullerenes in nanostructure of [R]·C n (R = cefadroxil, cefepime, cephalexin, cefotaxime, cefoperazone and ceftriaxone) supramolecular complexes

“…The electro-oxidation of both cephalosporin derivatives had studied at the carbon paste electrode (CPE). Both drugs gave rise to one oxidation peak at about ?1.05 V vs. SCE [77].…”

“…Two cephalosporin antibiotic derivatives, cefoperazone and ceftriaxone, were studied with direct current, differential pulse polarography (DPP) and CV methods [77]. The electro-oxidation of both cephalosporin derivatives had studied at the carbon paste electrode (CPE).…”

“…The oxidation potentials of cefadroxil, cefepime, cephalexin, cefotaxime, cefoperazone and ceftriaxone, which have been previously reported [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] The four reported reduction potentials ( Red. E 1 -Red.…”