Electrochemical Nanobiosensors for Detection of Breast Cancer Biomarkers

Abstract

This comprehensive review paper describes recent advances made in the field of electrochemical nanobiosensors for the detection of breast cancer (BC) biomarkers such as specific genes, microRNA, proteins, circulating tumor cells, BC cell lines, and exosomes or exosome-derived biomarkers. Besides the description of key functional characteristics of electrochemical nanobiosensors, the reader can find basic statistic information about BC incidence and mortality, breast pathology, and current clinically used BC biomarkers. The final part of the review is focused on challenges that need to be addressed in order to apply electrochemical nanobiosensors in a clinical practice.

Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development

“…These microfluidic platforms can achieve precise single particle‐level analysis by adopting working principles of existing exosome isolation and characterization approaches such as acoustic nanofiltration, deterministic lateral displacement, viscoelastic flow sorting, plasmonic sensing and electrochemical sensing. [ 238 , 257 ] This allows researchers to integrate a selection of cutting‐edge technologies on a single device to target specific exosome characterization needs. For example, the plasmonic sensors introduced in Section 5.2.1 can be integrated into microfluidic systems to enables real‐time, label‐free characterization of exosomal membrane proteins at high detection sensitivity.…”

Deep Learning on Histopathology Images for Breast Cancer Classification: A Bibliometric Analysis

“…Early diagnosis and treatment may benefit in preventing breast cancer from developing to the advanced cancer level. There are several medical imaging procedures for breast cancers such as mammograms (X-rays), ultrasound (sound waves/sonography), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and biopsy [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. However, the use of breast cancer images to confirm the cancer region is only available through biopsy procedures [ 15 ].…”

Ti3C2 MXene-Based Nanobiosensors for Detection of Cancer Biomarkers

“…Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, and acquiring cancer-specific data by quantitative analysis of cancer-associated biomarkers is crucial to monitor cancer progression and for the early treatment [107]. As reported by the World Health Organization, the year of 2030 should be marked by approximately 12 million cancer related deaths, making cancer a major public health problem and one of the most prominent death-causing factors worldwide.…”

“…Electrochemical methods such as CV, CA, DPV, EIS, square wave voltammetry (SWV) provide a number of advantages. They are reliable, easy-to-use, affordable and highly sensitive and reliable [107,115,116]. Lab-on-chip biosensors are compact and portable miniaturized devices that can be employed in cancer biomarkers research leading to potential clinical applications.…”