Electrochemical Lateral Flow Devices: Towards Rapid Immunomagnetic Assays

Ruiz-Vega, Gisela; Κιτσαρά, Μαρία; Pellitero, Miguel Aller; Baldrich, Eva; Campo, F. Javier del

doi:10.1002/celc.201600902

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…28 Approaches to improve label capture and/or label detection have been developed. For instance, new contrast labels including quantum dots, 22 upconverting phosphor reporters, 20 magnetic particles, 29, 30 and surface-enhanced Raman scattering GNPs 25 have all been applied. Isotachophoresis 24 - and dialysis 26 -based sample treatments can preconcentrate analyte and improve label capture.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Nanoparticle Design in Determining Analytical Performance of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

et al. 2017

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Rapid, simple, and cost-effective diagnostics are needed to improve healthcare at the point of care (POC). However, the most widely used POC diagnostic, the lateral flow immunoassay (LFA), is ~1000-times less sensitive and has a smaller analytical range than laboratory tests, requiring a confirmatory test to establish truly negative results. Here, a rational and systematic strategy is used to design the LFA contrast label (i.e., gold nanoparticles) to improve the analytical sensitivity, analytical detection range, and antigen quantification of LFAs. Specifically, we discovered that the size (30, 60, or 100 nm) of the gold nanoparticles is a main contributor to the LFA analytical performance through both the degree of receptor interaction and the ultimate visual or thermal contrast signals. Using the optimal LFA design, we demonstrated the ability to improve the analytical sensitivity by 256-fold and expand the analytical detection range from 3 log10 to 6 log10 for diagnosing patients with inflammatory conditions by measuring C-reactive protein. This work demonstrates that, with appropriate design of the contrast label, a simple and commonly used diagnostic technology can compete with more expensive state-of-the-art laboratory tests.

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The Role of Nanoparticle Design in Determining Analytical Performance of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

et al. 2017

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“…Nevertheless, all the above fabrication techniques are based on placing the electrodes on the surface or underneath the lateral-flow membrane. Ruiz-Vega et al (Ruiz-Vega et al, 2017) recently demonstrated the direct integration of micropatterned electrodes printed onto a lateralflow membrane for the fabrication of a fully integrated electrochemical lateral-flow test for the detection of myeloperoxidase. A three-electrode system, composed of a silver reference electrode and graphite working/counter electrodes, was screen printed directly on the lateralflow membrane.…”

Section: Lateral-flow Membrane-based Strip Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft and flexible material-based affinity sensors

Meng

Turner

Mak

2020

Biotechnology Advances

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Recent advances in biosensors and point-of-care (PoC) devices are poised to change and expand the delivery of diagnostics from conventional lateral-flow assays and test strips that dominate the market currently, to newly emerging wearable and implantable devices that can provide continuous monitoring. Soft and flexible materials are playing a key role in propelling these trends towards real-time and remote health monitoring. Affinity biosensors have the capability to provide for diagnosis and monitoring of cancerous, cardiovascular, infectious and genetic diseases by the detection of biomarkers using affinity interactions. This review tracks the evolution of affinity sensors from conventional lateral-flow assay and test strips to wearable/implantable devices enabled by soft and flexible materials. Initially, we highlight conventional affinity sensors exploiting membrane and paper materials which have been so successfully applied in point-of-care tests, such as lateral-flow immunoassay strips and emerging microfluidic paper-based devices. We then turn our attention to the multifarious polymer designs that provide both the base materials for sensor designs, such as PDMS, and more advanced functionalised materials that are capable of both recognition and transduction, such as conducting and molecularly imprinted polymers. The subsequent content discusses wearable soft and flexible material-based affinity sensors, classified as flexible and skinmountable, textile materials-based and contact lens-based affinity sensors. In the final sections, we explore the possibilities for implantable/injectable soft and flexible affinity sensors, including hydrogels, microencapsulated sensors and optical fibers. This area is truly a work in 2 progress and we trust that this review will help pull together the many technological streams that are contributing to the field.

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“…The paper-based bioanalytical devices use capillary forces to drive the lateral flow of a liquid sample (i.e., lateral flow immunochromatographic assays or lateral flow tests) [155,156]. Based on the generated color, lateral flow tests can provide qualitative or semi-quantitative information [157]. Quantitative measurements can also be obtained with electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) that use the photolithography to create microfluidic channels on the filter paper ( Figure 6a) [55].…”

Section: Paper-based Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spotting the analyte-specific enzymes (e.g., GOx, lactate oxidase or LOx, and uricase) helps determine the concentration of glucose, lactate, and uric acid, with a limit of detection of 0.21 ± 0.02 mM, 0.36 ± 0.03 mM, and 1.38 ± 0.13 mM, respectively. As a close distance between the working and reference electrodes minimizes the effect from uncompensated resistance between the two electrodes, screen printing that requires a stencil to pattern the electrodes limits the achievable maximum resolution [157][158][159][160].…”

Section: Paper-based Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of Flexible and Stretchable Electrochemical Biosensors

Yang

Cheng

2020

Micromachines

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The skyrocketing popularity of health monitoring has spurred increasing interest in wearable electrochemical biosensors. Compared with the traditionally rigid and bulky electrochemical biosensors, flexible and stretchable devices render a unique capability to conform to the complex, hierarchically textured surfaces of the human body. With a recognition element (e.g., enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, ions) to selectively react with the target analyte, wearable electrochemical biosensors can convert the types and concentrations of chemical changes in the body into electrical signals for easy readout. Initial exploration of wearable electrochemical biosensors integrates electrodes on textile and flexible thin-film substrate materials. A stretchable property is needed for the thin-film device to form an intimate contact with the textured skin surface and to deform with various natural skin motions. Thus, stretchable materials and structures have been exploited to ensure the effective function of a wearable electrochemical biosensor. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent development of flexible and stretchable electrochemical biosensors, including their principles, representative application scenarios (e.g., saliva, tear, sweat, and interstitial fluid), and materials and structures. While great strides have been made in the wearable electrochemical biosensors, challenges still exist, which represents a small fraction of opportunities for the future development of this burgeoning field.

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Electrochemical Lateral Flow Devices: Towards Rapid Immunomagnetic Assays

Cited by 48 publications

References 46 publications

The Role of Nanoparticle Design in Determining Analytical Performance of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

The Role of Nanoparticle Design in Determining Analytical Performance of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

Soft and flexible material-based affinity sensors

Recent Developments of Flexible and Stretchable Electrochemical Biosensors

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