Electrochemical Detection of Pyocyanin as a Biomarker for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Focused Review

Alatraktchi, Fatima AlZahra’a; Svendsen, Winnie Edith; Molin, Søren

doi:10.3390/s20185218

Cited by 59 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Of these, 300 putative P. aeruginosa isolates were sub-cultured in the same medium (data not shown). Out of 300, 63 isolates were selected based on the development of bluish green pigmentation indicative of pyocyanin production, a P. aeruginosa biomarker (Gessard 1984; Alatraktchi et al 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizospheric and endophyticPseudomonas aeruginosain edible vegetable plants share molecular and metabolic traits with clinical isolates

Ambreetha

Marimuthu

Mathee

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a leading opportunistic pathogen causing hospital-acquired infections is predominantly present in agricultural settings. There are minimal attempts to examine the molecular and functional attributes shared by agricultural and clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. This study aims to investigate the presence of P. aeruginosa in edible vegetable plants (including salad vegetables) and analyze the evolutionary and metabolic relatedness of the agricultural and clinical strains. Eighteen rhizospheric and endophytic P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from cucumber, tomato, eggplant, and chili directly from the farms. The identity of these strains was confirmed using biochemical, and molecular markers and their genetic and metabolic traits were compared with clinical isolates. DNA fingerprinting analyses and 16S rDNA-based phylogenetic tree revealed that the plant- and human-associated strains are evolutionarily related. Both agricultural and clinical isolates possessed plant-beneficial properties, including mineral solubilization (phosphorous, potassium, and zinc), ammonification, and the ability to release extracellular siderophore and indole-3 acetic acid. These findings suggest that rhizospheric and endophytic P. aeruginosa strains are genetically and functionally analogous to the clinical isolates. This study highlights the edible plants as a potential source for human and animal transmission of P. aeruginosa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizospheric and endophyticPseudomonas aeruginosain edible vegetable plants share molecular and metabolic traits with clinical isolates

Ambreetha

Marimuthu

Mathee

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Electrochemical biosensors provide a promising approach to rapid medical diagnostics of infection-biomarkers that may lead to more timely and effective decision-making [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Furthermore, potentiostats are already available in miniaturized formats, enabling the possibility of on-the-spot or point-of-care applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection Using Electrochemical Immunosensor

Mojsoska

Larsen

Olsen

et al. 2021

Sensors

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168

155

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The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared an international public health crisis. It is essential to develop diagnostic tests that can quickly identify infected individuals to limit the spread of the virus and assign treatment options. Herein, we report a proof-of-concept label-free electrochemical immunoassay for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus via the spike surface protein. The assay consists of a graphene working electrode functionalized with anti-spike antibodies. The concept of the immunosensor is to detect the signal perturbation obtained from ferri/ferrocyanide measurements after binding of the antigen during 45 min of incubation with a sample. The absolute change in the [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− current upon increasing antigen concentrations on the immunosensor surface was used to determine the detection range of the spike protein. The sensor was able to detect a specific signal above 260 nM (20 µg/mL) of subunit 1 of recombinant spike protein. Additionally, it was able to detect SARS-CoV-2 at a concentration of 5.5 × 105 PFU/mL, which is within the physiologically relevant concentration range. The novel immunosensor has a significantly faster analysis time than the standard qPCR and is operated by a portable device which can enable on-site diagnosis of infection.

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“…Pyocyanin is a redox-active molecule possible to detect directly with electrochemical sensors as previously described [ 17 , 18 ]. All measurements were conducted by pipetting 50 μL of the sample on a single-use disposable sensor (GPH110, Metroohm, Denmark) operated by a potentiostat (EmstatBlue, PalmSens, Netherlands) using a square voltammetry procedure measuring from -0.6 V to 0.0 V at a step potential of 0.05 and a total run-time of 17 seconds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, new technologies for rapid, high-throughput and sensitive screening of virulence factors are needed. Direct on-the-spot screening of pyocyanin in un-treated samples using electrochemical sensors is an emerging field that is gaining increased attention for its simplicity and rapid quantification [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in toxin production of environmental Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of three common antibiotics

et al. 2021

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an environmental pathogen that can cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. P. aeruginosa infections are typically treated with multiple antibiotics including tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and meropenem. However, antibiotics do not always entirely clear the bacteria from the infection site, where they may remain virulent. This is because the effective antibiotic concentration and diffusion in vitro may differ from the in vivo environment in patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the effect of non-lethal sub-inhibitory antibiotic concentrations on bacterial phenotype. Here, we investigate if sub-inhibitory antimicrobial concentrations cause alterations in bacterial virulence factor production using pyocyanin as a model toxin. We tested this using the aforementioned antibiotics on 10 environmental P. aeruginosa strains. Using on-the-spot electrochemical screening, we were able to directly quantify changes in production of pyocyanin in a measurement time of 17 seconds. Upon selecting 3 representative strains to further test the effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs), we found that pyocyanin production changed significantly when the bacteria were exposed to 10-fold MIC of the 3 antibiotics tested, and this was strain specific. A series of biologically relevant measured pyocyanin concentrations were also used to assess the effects of increased virulence on a culture of epithelial cells. We found a decreased viability of the epithelial cells when incubated with biologically relevant pyocyanin concentrations. This suggests that the antibiotic-induced virulence also is a value worth being enclosed in regular testing of pathogens.

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Electrochemical Detection of Pyocyanin as a Biomarker for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Focused Review

Cited by 59 publications

References 72 publications

Rhizospheric and endophyticPseudomonas aeruginosain edible vegetable plants share molecular and metabolic traits with clinical isolates

Rhizospheric and endophyticPseudomonas aeruginosain edible vegetable plants share molecular and metabolic traits with clinical isolates

Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection Using Electrochemical Immunosensor

Changes in toxin production of environmental Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of three common antibiotics

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