Electrochemical Deposition of CsPbBr₃ Perovskite for Photovoltaic Devices with Robust Ambient Stability

Abstract

Alkali halide perovskites have emerged as representative candidates for novel opto-electronic devices owing to their balanced efficiency and stability. However, their fabrication method still remains a challenging topic with conflicts among their effectiveness, complexity, and cost. Herein, a complete two-step electrochemical method has been applied in the fabrication of inorganic perovskites for the first time. The dimension and microstructure of CsPbBr3 can be easily controlled by variation of simple physical parameters during the fabrication. By optimizing the parameters, high-quality CsPbBr3 films are obtained, and the champion device has achieved an efficiency of 7.86% with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.43 V. More importantly, the as-fabricated materials have shown an extraordinary robust stability against environmental conditions even after 150 days of exposure to air without encapsulation. This has evidently proved the electrochemical methods as an effective route for perovskite synthesis in its future development.

Inhibition of PbI2-induced defects by doping MABr for high-performance perovskite solar cells

“…In order to investigate the luminescence properties of the samples, photoluminescence spectra (PL spectrum) of these films were recorded. 18 As shown in Fig. S5,† with the increase in MABr concentration, the peak intensity increases first and then decreases, and the peak intensity for a doping concentration of 0.03 g ml −1 is the largest, which indicates that the sample has low non-radiative recombination and relatively few defects.…”

Interfacial and Permeating Modification Effect of n-type Non-fullerene Acceptors toward High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The long-term stability of PSCs is still a most concerned issue. − To assess the operational stability of these devices, long-term stability was tested via the ISOS-D-1 protocol . As shown in Figure h, the control-encapsulated device maintains over 60% of its initial performance after 30 days of dark storage in ambient air (N 2 , 78%, O 2 , 21%) at RH 75% and RT 25 °C.…”

Electrodeposition as a Versatile Preparative Tool for Perovskite Photovoltaics: Aspects of Metallization and Selective Contacts/Active Layer Formation

“…[ 74 ] Alternatively, metallic lead Pb can be cathodically electrodeposited from a Pb 2+ solution. [ 75 ] Following that, the conversion to perovskite can occur in a single step by exposure to an acid solution containing the A‐site cation and the halide. The main drawback of this procedure is the possibility to include unreacted metallic lead within the perovskite films with obvious adverse effects in terms of light absorption and shunt pathways into the device.…”

“…After that, Pb is inserted in the perovskite structure (CsPbBr 3 in this case) via dipping in a CsBr solution and the anodic polarization of the substrate to oxidize Pb. Reproduced with permission [75]. Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society.…”