Electroacupunctre improves motor impairment via inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in the sensorimotor cortex after ischemic stroke

Li, Weilin; Wang, Xian; Yang, Shanli; Hua, Jia; Xue, Xiehua; Zheng, Yi; Shang, Guanhao; Tao, Jing; Chen, Lidian

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.045

Cited by 62 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…EA is reported to reduce cerebral hypoperfusion-induced cognitive deficits and hippocampal LTP inhibition via promoting dopamine and its major metabolite release and D1/D5Rs activation (Ye et al, 2017 ). In addition, EA treatment prevented nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and suppressed expression of p38 MAPK and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in the peri-infract sensorimotor cortex during ischemic stroke (Liu et al, 2016a ). EA may reduce inflammatory injury via NF-κB signaling during ischemic stroke (Kavoussi and Ross, 2007 ) as we noted that EA significantly inhibited activation of NF-κB, activated microglia, and pro-inflammatory cytokines to reduce inflammatory injury after ischemic stroke but how this occurs is uncertain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture Suppresses the NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Upregulating Cylindromatosis to Alleviate Inflammatory Injury in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rats

Jiang

Luo

Qin

et al. 2017

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Electroacupuncture (EA) may reduce inflammatory injury by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway activation after ischemic stroke. Thus, we explored temporal and spatial expression of cylindromatosis (CYLD), a negative feedback inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway, to learn whether CYLD is essential for EA and reduction of inflammatory injury after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and CYLD gene interference was used to investigate a potential role of neuroprotection. Rats were treated with EA (1 mA, 20 Hz for 5 min, 2 Hz for 30 min) at Baihui (GV 20), Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3) acupoints, once daily, beginning 2 h after focal cerebral ischemia. Microglial activation and co-expression of CYLD and NF-κB were measured with immunofluorescence. Neuronal CX3CL1 expression was assayed to investigate the role of EA in the interaction between neurons and microglia via upregulation of CYLD. Then, CYLD, NF-κB p65 and p-IκBα protein expression was measured with Western blot. CYLD was mainly expressed in neurons of the peri-ischemic area after MCAO/R in rats and EA upregulated CYLD mRNA and protein from 24 to 72 h after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. In addition, CYLD overexpression was positively correlated to neurobehavior and negatively connected with infarct volume and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β). Upregulation of CYLD by EA prevented NF-κB nuclear translocation and inhibition of neuronal CX3CL1 expression, which repressed activation of microglia. Finally, CYLD silencing significantly weakened suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway by EA. In conclusion, upregulation of CYLD may underlie how EA could alleviate inflammatory injury after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture Suppresses the NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Upregulating Cylindromatosis to Alleviate Inflammatory Injury in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rats

Jiang

Luo

Qin

et al. 2017

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“… 90 Finally, EA affects the activation of microglial cells and astrocytes and the production of astroglial lactate transporter (MCT1), implying that EA may exert its protective function by acting on glial cells and neurons in the central nervous system. 78 , 80 , 81 , 91 …”

Section: Regulation Of Ischemic Brain Injury By Eamentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture therapy in inflammation regulation: current perspectives

Park

Namgung

2018

JIR

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Although acupuncture therapy is increasingly used to treat diverse symptoms and disorders in humans, its underlying mechanism is not known well. Only recently have experimental studies begun to provide insights into how acupuncture stimulation generates and relates to pathophysiological responsiveness. Acupuncture intervention is frequently used to control pathologic symptoms in several visceral organs, and a growing number of studies using experimental animal models suggest that acupuncture stimulation may be involved in inducing anti-inflammatory responses. The vagus nerve, a principal parasympathetic nerve connecting neurons in the central nervous system to cardiovascular systems and a majority of visceral organs, is known to modulate neuroimmune communication and anti-inflammatory responses in target organs. Here, we review a broad range of experimental studies demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture in pathologic animal models of cardiovascular and visceral organs and also ischemic brains. Then, we provide recent progress on the role of autonomic nerve activity in anti-inflammation mediated by electroacupuncture. We also discuss a perspective on the role of sensory signals generated by acupuncture stimulation, which may induce a neural code unique to acupuncture in the central nervous system.

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“…The activation of IKKs is a critical step in NF-κB activation [ 31 ]. Proper inhibition of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation can effectively inhibit the activation of microglia and neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke [ 32 – 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of OTULIN ameliorates microglia activation and neuroinflammation by depressing the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats

Qin

Xiao

et al. 2018

J Neuroinflammation

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BackgroundIschemic stroke-induced neuroinflammation is mainly mediated by microglial cells. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway is the key transcriptional pathway that initiates inflammatory responses following cerebral ischemia. OTULIN, a critical negative regulator of the NF-κΒ signaling pathway, exerts robust effects on peripheral immune cell-mediated inflammation and is regarded as an essential mediator for repressing inflammation in vivo. The effect of OTULIN on inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS) was previously unstudied. This current study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of OTULIN both in vitro and in vivo in ischemic stroke models.MethodsSprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Overexpression of the OTULIN gene was utilized to observe the effect of OTULIN on ischemic stroke outcomes. The effect of OTULIN overexpression on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation was examined in rat primary microglia (PM) and in the microglial cell line N9 after induction by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated neuronal medium. The activation and inflammatory responses of microglia were detected using immunofluorescence, ELISA, and qRT-PCR. The details of molecular mechanism were assessed using Western blotting.ResultsIn the tMCAO rats, the focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury induced a continuous increase in OTULIN expression within 72 h, and OTULIN expression was increased in activated microglial cells. OTULIN overexpression obviously decreased the cerebral infarct volume, improved the neurological function deficits, and reduced neuronal loss at 72 h after reperfusion, and it also inhibited the activation of microglia and attenuated the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by suppressing the NF-κB pathway at 24 h after tMCAO. In vitro, OTULIN overexpression inhibited the microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by reducing the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 via depressing the NF-κB pathway in both PM and N9 cells.ConclusionsOTULIN provides a potential therapeutic target for ischemic brain injury by ameliorating the excessive activation of microglial cells and neuroinflammation through repressing the NF-κB signaling pathway.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1117-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Electroacupunctre improves motor impairment via inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in the sensorimotor cortex after ischemic stroke

Cited by 62 publications

References 59 publications

Electroacupuncture Suppresses the NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Upregulating Cylindromatosis to Alleviate Inflammatory Injury in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rats

Electroacupuncture Suppresses the NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Upregulating Cylindromatosis to Alleviate Inflammatory Injury in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rats

Electroacupuncture therapy in inflammation regulation: current perspectives

Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of OTULIN ameliorates microglia activation and neuroinflammation by depressing the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats

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