Electrical properties of SnO2 ceramics for low voltage varistors

Novel SnO2 ceramic surge absorbers for low voltage applications

“…The I L has increased from 15 mA for SCNCrY to 70 mA for the SCNCrY-0.45Bi sample ( Table 1). The observed increase in the leakage current is due to the decrease in the barrier height because the lowering of the barrier height was found in the similar ceramic material SnO 2 -CoO-Nb 2 O 5 -Cr 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 [14]. Despite higher α and lower I L values of SCNCrY-0.05Bi sample, the lower E b and suitable α values (Table 1) make SCNCrY-0.15Bi sample a better candidate for low voltage applications.…”

“…It has been reported that Bi 2 O 3 is an effective additive for the grain growth with no deleterious effect on electrical properties of (Co, Nb)-doped SnO 2 varistor [13]. Recently, we reported that the addition of Bi 2 O 3 (0.5 mol%) to SnO 2 with small amounts of Nb 2 O 5 and Cr 2 O 3 (0.05 mol%) gives ceramic material for low voltage varistors [14].…”

High‐performance varistors prepared by hot‐dipping tin oxide thin films in Sb2O3 powder: Influence of temperature

“…Although the main composition of SnO 2based ceramic varistors is SnO 2 , a small amount of various metal oxides, such as Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , MnO, CuO, NiO, Sb 2 O 3 , and CoO, should be also applied as the additive during the sintering process, which plays an essential role to trigger the varistor behavior as a varistor forming oxide (VFO), and/or to obtain more ideal electrical performance such as higher degree of nonlinearity, extremely high or low varistor voltage, lower leakage current, or merely changing the sintering process from high-temperature solid sintering to liquid phase sintering coupling with a lower sintering temperature. 4,13,14 However, by film deposition techniques, the VFOs cannot be easily distributed around the SnO 2 grains, which is the key to construct an effective grain boundary so as to trigger the varistor behavior. As a result, no work on SnO 2 -based films varistors imply by deposition methods has been reported, and modified methods have been urgently needed.…”

Incubation and aging effect on cassiterite type tetragonal rutile SnO2 nanocrystals

“…For example, Agrahari et al [19] investigated optoelectronic properties of SnO 2 nanoparticles. Glot et al [20] explored electrical properties of SnO 2 ceramics for low voltage varistors. Gajendiran et al [21] studied nano structured aggregated tin oxides (SnO 2 /SnO) and their structural and photoluminescence properties employing hydrothermal method.…”

“…In general, the preparation of SnO 2 nanostructure involves minimum neither two precursors nor high temperature, high cost and template assisted synthesis [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. In recent years, mild and sustainable biosynthesis of nanostructures using green protocols has been studied extensively.…”