Elastomeric composites with high dielectric constant for use in Maxwell stress actuators

Szabo, Jeffrey P.; Hiltz, Johnathan A.; Cameron, Colin G.; Underhill, Royale S.; Massey, J. C.; White, Brian E.; Leidner, Jacob

doi:10.1117/12.484377

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…[183][184][185] It has also been shown that the elastic modulus is affected by the addition of filler. [186] Researchers have investigated the effects of adding various oxides including aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, and barium titanium oxide, [185][186][187][188] as well as various other fillers including organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT), [189] lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT), [184,187] copper-phthalocyanine oligomer (CPO), [187,190] and PEDOT/PSS/EG. [191] Improvements appear limited at best as any meaningful increases in the dielectric constant are achieved at loadings near the percolation threshold and are met with increases in the leakage current.…”

Section: Improved Silicone Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Dielectric Elastomers for Actuators and Artificial Muscles

Brochu¹,

Pei²

2009

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

1,258

1,130

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A number of materials have been explored for their use as artificial muscles. Among these, dielectric elastomers (DEs) appear to provide the best combination of properties for true muscle-like actuation. DEs behave as compliant capacitors, expanding in area and shrinking in thickness when a voltage is applied. Materials combining very high energy densities, strains, and efficiencies have been known for some time. To date, however, the widespread adoption of DEs has been hindered by premature breakdown and the requirement for high voltages and bulky support frames. Recent advances seem poised to remove these restrictions and allow for the production of highly reliable, high-performance transducers for artificial muscle applications.

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Section: Improved Silicone Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Dielectric Elastomers for Actuators and Artificial Muscles

Brochu¹,

Pei²

2009

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

1,258

1,130

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“…The availability of these inorganic fillers together with their high dielectric constant values (on the order of hundreds or even thousands) makes them very appealing to be used as high dielectric constant fillers for DEA applications. In fact, Szabo et al, 17 Gallone et al, 18 and more recently, Molberg, 19 have reported the enhancing effect of BT, PMN-PT and PZT ceramics, respectively, on the dielectric response of different elastomers. Nevertheless, in spite of the permittivity increment observed in all the cases, these authors did not establish real improvements in the electro-mechanical performances of the developed composites mainly due to the following reasons: (i) the increase in the dielectric permittivity was counterbalanced by an increase in the elastic modulus, (ii) the electrical breakdown strength was reduced considerably, which clearly limited the maximum performance and, finally, (iii) the dielectric loss dramatically increased with the filler content cancelling the electro-mechanical performance of the actuator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards materials with enhanced electro-mechanical response: CaCu3Ti4O12–polydimethylsiloxane composites

et al. 2012

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We describe a straightforward production pathway of polymer matrix composites with increased dielectric constant for dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Up to date, the approach of using composites made of high dielectric constant ceramics and insulating polymers has not evidenced any improvement in the performance of DEA devices, mainly as a consequence of the ferroelectric nature of the employed ceramics. We propose here an unexplored alternative to these traditional fillers, introducing calcium copper titanate (CCTO) CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 , which has a giant dielectric constant making it very suitable for capacitive applications. All CCTO-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites developed display an improved electro-mechanical performance. The largest actuation improvement was achieved for the composite with 5.1 vol% of CCTO, having an increment in the actuation strain of about 100% together with a reduction of 25% in the electric field compared to the raw PDMS matrix.

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“…Chemical design involves polymer chain modification. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) [28] and barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) [29] have reportedly served as high permittivity inorganic particles for improving the dielectric constants of elastomers. Conductive fillers enhance the dielectric constant of elastomers by increasing the effective electrode area or facilitating electronic polarization, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [30,31], metal particles [26] and conductive polymers [32].…”

Section: Elastomers 234mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Elastomer Sensors

Ni¹,

Zhang²

2017

Elastomers

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Dielectric elastomers (DEs) represent a class of electroactive polymers (EAPs) that exhibit a significant electromechanical effect, which has made them very attractive over the last several decades for use as soft actuators, sensors and generators. Based on the principle of a plane-parallel capacitor, dielectric elastomer sensors consist of a flexible and stretchable dielectric polymer sandwiched between two compliant electrodes. With the development of elastic polymers and stretchable conductors, flexible and sensitive dielectric elastomer tactile sensors, similar to human skin, have been used for measuring mechanical deformations, such as pressure, strain, shear and torsion. For high sensitivity and fast response, air gaps and microstructural dielectric layers are employed in pressure sensors or multiaxial force sensors. Multimodal dielectric elastomer sensors have been reported that can detect mechanical deformation but can also sense temperature, humidity, as well as chemical and biological stimulation in human-activity monitoring and personal healthcare. Hence, dielectric elastomer sensors have great potential for applications in soft robotics, wearable devices, medical diagnostic and structural health monitoring, because of their large deformation, low cost, ease of fabrication and ease of integration into monitored structures.

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Elastomeric composites with high dielectric constant for use in Maxwell stress actuators

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Advances in Dielectric Elastomers for Actuators and Artificial Muscles

Advances in Dielectric Elastomers for Actuators and Artificial Muscles

Towards materials with enhanced electro-mechanical response: CaCu3Ti4O12–polydimethylsiloxane composites

Dielectric Elastomer Sensors

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