El reto de la protección antitetánica en los ancianos

Mayol, C Velarde; Sanz, Arcas; Ortega, Acosta; Caso, José Ángel Gómez de

doi:10.1016/s0212-6567(04)70830-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Some studies carried out in nursing homes or in people aged ¸65 years visited in health care centres have found higher prevalences of complete protection [17,21,35,36] although persons attending health care centres are more like to be correctly immunized than the whole population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The seroepidemiology of tetanus in Catalonia, Spain

Domı́nguez

Plans

Costa

et al. 2007

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Titres of anti-tetanus toxin antibodies > or = 0.1 IU/ml were determined using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in representative samples of the juvenile and adult population of Catalonia. The prevalence obtained in 1,316 juveniles and 1,296 adults was 99.4 and 68.3%, respectively. In adults, the prevalence in males (76.5%) was higher (P < 0.001) than in females (61.7%), fell with increasing age and was higher in subjects born in Catalonia (72.5%) than in those born outside Catalonia (57.9%) (P < 0.001). These results show that routine vaccination of children is successful. In adults aged > or = 45 years, the prevalence is inadequate and efforts should be made to increase vaccination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies based on determining the vaccination coverage are not easy to perform and have been shown to have limitations [6,17], whether the source is selfreporting, parents of juveniles [4,15,22,36] or reporting by physicians [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The seroepidemiology of tetanus in Catalonia, Spain

Domı́nguez

Plans

Costa

et al. 2007

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…Studies of the elderly have reported seroprevalence of 7.7% in those over 70 years of age [ 5 ]. In Spain, the fact that most adults of over 50 years of age have not been vaccinated or have only been incompletely vaccinated is probably because the immunization calendar for the five-dose course of tetanus vaccine was not introduced until the early 1970s [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The safety and efficacy of the tetanus vaccine intramuscularly versus subcutaneously in anticoagulated patients: a randomized clinical trial

Lago-Deibe

Martín-Miguel²,

Velicia-Peñas

et al. 2014

BMC Fam Pract

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BackgroundIn patients treated with oral anticoagulants, subcutaneous injections of anti-tetanus vaccine are usually recommended to reduce the risk of bleeding, although the effectiveness of the vaccine has only been proven for intramuscular injection. The objective of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of intramuscular and subcutaneous injections of tetanus-diphtheria vaccine in patients treated with oral anticoagulants.Methods/designWe present a prospective, double blinded, clinical trial comparing two groups of patients with oral anticoagulants: one group was administered tetanus-diphtheria vaccine by intramuscular injection, while the other was administered the same vaccine by subcutaneous injection. Allocation to each group was randomized and the duration of the study was six years.Study population: all patients treated with oral anticoagulants, who had been administered with at least one dose of vaccine, at 15 Health Centres in Vigo (Spain), and who agreed to participate in the study. The sample size was 115 patients in each group. The main variables for the safety analysis were the measurement of the brachial diameter, the appearance of basic injuries at the vaccine administration site, the appearance of pain and systemic reactions. The variable used for the efficacy analysis was a significant increase in the titres of anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies.An Intention-to-treat analysis will be performed. Details will be classified according to the administration route, while within each group a 3-tiered stratification will be defined by the administered number of doses. As a measure of association, relative risk will be estimated; the reduction of relative risk will also measured. For safety and to control the confounder effect, a logistic regression analysis will be carried out. As a measure of impact the reduction of absolute risk in relation to the total number of patients to be treated and the Number Needed to Treat will be estimated.CONSORT 2010 guidelines were applied for reporting parallel group randomised trials.DiscussionThe most significant difficulties on the project are related to the large number of participating centres, required to obtain a viable study population sample size, and the coordination given the scattering of the centres and researchers.Trial registrationISRCTN69942081.

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¿Criterios comerciales o criterios epidemiológicos en la vacunación antitetánica?

Palomo

Gérvas

2009

Atención Primaria

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El reto de la protección antitetánica en los ancianos

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

The seroepidemiology of tetanus in Catalonia, Spain

The seroepidemiology of tetanus in Catalonia, Spain

The safety and efficacy of the tetanus vaccine intramuscularly versus subcutaneously in anticoagulated patients: a randomized clinical trial

¿Criterios comerciales o criterios epidemiológicos en la vacunación antitetánica?

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