El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effect on interannual variability in spring aerosols over East Asia

Zhu, Anbao; Xu, Haiming; Deng, Jiechun; Ma, Jing; Li, Shuhui

doi:10.5194/acp-21-5919-2021

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In addition to the seasonality, the amount of aerosols over the region is also subject to the interannual variability according to ENSO. Likely because of the tight connection between aerosols and their wet scavenging by rainfall, AOD and the amount of rainfall often show an inverse relationship (e.g., Zhu et al, 2021). Indeed, our analysis of MODIS fire data in Figure 3 also shows an increased (decreased) number of fires during El Niño (La Niña), which confirms the sensitivity of the aerosol abundance in the atmosphere to ENSO.…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

Radiative and microphysical responses of clouds to an anomalous increase in fire particles over the Maritime Continent in 2015

Takeishi

Wang

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The year of 2015 was an extremely dry year for Southeast Asia where the direct impact of strong El Niño was in play. As a result of this dryness and the relative lack of rainfall, an extraordinary amount of aerosol particles from biomass burning remained in the atmosphere over the Maritime Continent during the fire season. This study uses the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry to understand the impacts of these fire particles on cloud microphysics and radiation during the peak biomass burning season in September. Our simulations, one with fire particles and the other without them, cover the entire Maritime Continent region at a cloud-resolving resolution (4 km) for the entire month of September in 2015. The comparison of the simulations shows a clear sign of precipitation enhancement by fire particles through microphysical effects; smaller cloud droplets remain longer in the atmosphere to later form ice crystals, and/or they are more easily collected by ice-phase hydrometeors, in comparison to droplets under no fire influences. As a result, mass of ice-phase hydrometeors increases in the simulation with fire particles, so does rainfall. On the other hand, we see no clear sign of temperature differences between the two simulations that could stem from the semi-direct effects of aerosols by absorbing the incoming solar radiation. Clouds are more reflective in the simulation with fire particles as ice mass increases. Combined with the direct scattering of sunlight by aerosols, the simulation with fire particles shows higher albedo over the simulation domain on average. The simulated response of clouds to fire particles in our simulations clearly differs from what was presented by two previous studies that modeled aerosol-cloud interaction in years with different phases of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), suggesting a further need for an investigation on the possible modulation of fire-aerosol-convection interaction by ENSO.

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supporting

confidence: 74%

Radiative and microphysical responses of clouds to an anomalous increase in fire particles over the Maritime Continent in 2015

Takeishi

Wang

2021

Preprint

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show abstract

“…In addition to the seasonality, the quantity of aerosols over the region is also subject to the interannual variability according to ENSO. Likely because of the tight connection between aerosols and their wet scavenging by rainfall, AOD and the amount of rainfall often show an inverse relationship (e.g., Zhu et al, 2021). Indeed, our analysis of MODIS fire data in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Radiative and microphysical responses of clouds to an anomalous increase in fire particles over the Maritime Continent in 2015

Takeishi

Wang

2022

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The year of 2015 was an extremely dry year for Southeast Asia where the direct impact of a strong El Niño was in play. As a result of this dryness and the relative lack of rainfall, an extraordinary quantity of aerosol particles from biomass burning remained in the atmosphere over the Maritime Continent during the fire season. This study uses the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry to understand the impacts of these fire particles on cloud microphysics and radiation during the peak biomass burning season in September. Our simulations, one with fire particles and the other without them, cover the entire Maritime Continent region at a cloud-resolving resolution (4 km) for the entire month of September in 2015. The comparison of the simulations shows a clear sign of precipitation enhancement by fire particles through microphysical effects; smaller cloud droplets remain longer in the atmosphere to later form ice crystals, and/or they are more easily collected by ice-phase hydrometeors in comparison to droplets under no fire influences. As a result, the mass of ice-phase hydrometeors increases in the simulation with fire particles, and so does rainfall. On the other hand, the aerosol radiative effect weakly counteracts the invigoration of convection. Clouds are more reflective in the simulation with fire particles as ice mass increases. Combined with the direct scattering of sunlight by aerosols, the simulation with fire particles shows higher albedo over the simulation domain on average. The simulated response of clouds to fire particles in our simulations clearly differs from what was presented by two previous studies that modeled aerosol–cloud interaction in years with different phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), suggesting a further need for an investigation on the possible modulation of fire–aerosol–convection interaction by ENSO.

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“…records. However, such interannual variation could be influenced by meteorological factors such as the India-Burma trough (Huang et al, 2016a) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (Zhu et al, 2021). On the other hand, the interannual fluctuation can be used to detect climate effects of the aerosols.…”

Section: Variation In Bb Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instant and delayed effects of march biomass burning aerosols over the Indochina Peninsula

Zhu

Xu²,

Deng³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Through analyzing observations and simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry, we investigated instant and delayed responses of large-scale atmospheric circulations and precipitation to biomass burning (BB) aerosols over the Indochina Peninsula (ICP) in the peak emission of March. The results show that the BB aerosols inhibit precipitation over the ICP in March, and promote precipitation from early-April to mid-April. Specifically, the March BB aerosols over the ICP can induce mid-to-lower tropospheric heating and planetary boundary layer cooling, to enhance local atmospheric stability; meanwhile, the perturbation heating can trigger an anomalous low in the lower troposphere to moisten the mid troposphere. However, the convection suppression due to the stabilized atmosphere dominates over the favorable water-vapor condition induced by large-scale circulation responses, leading to an overall reduced precipitation over the ICP in March. For the delayed effect, the anomalous low can provide more water vapor as the monsoon advances in early-April, although it becomes much weaker without BB aerosols’ strong heating. On the other hand, the convective instability above 850 hPa is enhanced by more water vapor, resulting in enhanced precipitation over the ICP, northern South China Sea, and southern China. Thereafter, the condensational latent heating gradually takes over from the BB aerosol radiative heating, acting as the main driver for maintaining the anomalous circulation and thus the delayed effect in mid-April.

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El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effect on interannual variability in spring aerosols over East Asia

Cited by 13 publications

References 86 publications

Radiative and microphysical responses of clouds to an anomalous increase in fire particles over the Maritime Continent in 2015

Radiative and microphysical responses of clouds to an anomalous increase in fire particles over the Maritime Continent in 2015

Radiative and microphysical responses of clouds to an anomalous increase in fire particles over the Maritime Continent in 2015

Instant and delayed effects of march biomass burning aerosols over the Indochina Peninsula

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