Einführung in die Umwidmung und Weiterverwendung von Traktionsbatterien

Beverungen, Daniel; Menne, Sebastian; Nowak, Sascha; Obeidi, Shamahmood; Plenter, Florian; Hindersmann, Christoph

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-21021-2_1

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For a metallurgical recycling, both hydro-and pyrometallurgical processes are available [34]. Pyrometallurgy is established regarding the production of Co, Ni, and Cu alloys, hence, rather ignoble and valuable component recycling [35], whereas hydrometallurgy is also able to selectively separate rather ignoble components, such as graphite, aluminum, or lithium [35][36][37]. This is why this study considers hydrometallurgical treatments as suitable for the purpose of a circular economy approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recycling Potential of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries—A First Concept Using Thermal and Hydrometallurgical Methods

Schwich

Sabarny

Friedrich

2020

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-energy battery systems are gaining attention in the frame of global demands for electronic devices and vehicle electrification. This context leads to higher demands in terms of battery system properties, such as cycle stability and energy density. Here, Lithium–Sulfur (Li–S) batteries comprise an alternative to conventional Li-Ion battery (LIB) systems and can be asserted to next-generation electric storage systems. They offer a promising solution for contemporary needs, especially for applications requiring a higher energy density. In a global environment with increasing sustainable economics and ambitions towards commodity recirculation, the establishing of new technologies should also be evaluated in terms of their recycling potential. In this sense, innovative recycling considers highly valuable metals but also mobilizes all technologically relevant materials for reaching a high Recycling Efficiency (RE). This study uses an approach in which the recycling of Li–S batteries is addressed. For this purpose, a holistic recycling process using both thermal and hydrometallurgical steps is suggested for a safe treatment in combination with a maximum possible recycling efficiency. According to the batteries’ chemical composition, the containing elements are recovered separately, while a multi-step treatment is chosen. Hence, a thermal treatment in combination with a subsequent mechanical comminution separates a black mass powder containing all recoverable resources from the metal casing. The black mass is then treated further in an aqueous solution using different solid/liquid ratios: 1:20, 1:50, 1:55, and 1:100. Different basic and acidic leaching solutions are compared with one another: sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and NaOH. For further precipitation steps, different additives for a pH adjustment are also contrasted: sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The results are evaluated by both purity and yield; chemical analysis is performed by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). The aim of this recycling process comprises a maximum yield for the main Li–S battery fractions: Li, S, C, and Al. The focal point for the evaluation comprises lithium yields, and up to 93% of lithium could be transferred to a solid lithium carbonate product.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is why this study considers hydrometallurgical treatments as suitable for the purpose of a circular economy approach. Although hydrometallurgy comprises generally slower kinetics [37], it leads to higher yields and lower energy consumption [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%