Efficient solvent systems for improving production of few-layer graphene in liquid phase exfoliation

Arao, Yoshihiko; Mori, Fumiya; Kubouchi, Masatoshi

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.03.002

Cited by 81 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In terms of exfoliation techniques, sonication [ 23 – 26 ], high-shear mixing [ 27 , 28 ], ball milling [ 29 ], and high-pressure homogenization [ 30 ] have been employed in LPE. Among these methods, sonication is widely used in LPE, which include two categories, i.e., bath sonication and tip sonication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tip Sonication Parameters on Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite into Graphene Nanoplatelets

Jiang

Zhang

2018

Nanoscale Res Lett

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Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) can be produced by exfoliating graphite in solvents via high-power tip sonication. In order to understand the influence of tip sonication parameters on graphite exfoliation to form GNPs, three typical flaked graphite samples were exfoliated into GNPs via tip sonication at power of 60, 100, 200, or 300 W for 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, or 180 min. The concentration of GNP dispersions, the size and defect density of the produced GNPs, and the sedimentation behavior of GNP dispersions produced under various tip sonication parameters were determined. The results indicated that the concentration of the GNP dispersions was proportional to the square root of sonication energy input (the product of sonication power and time). The size and ID/IG values (determined by Raman spectrum) of GNPs produced under various tip sonication powers and times ranged from ~ 1 to ~ 3 μm and ~ 0.1 to ~ 0.3, respectively, which indicated that all the produced GNPs were of high quality. The sedimentation behavior of GNP dispersions showed that the dispersions were favorably stable, and the concentration of each GNP dispersion was ~ 70% of its initial concentration after sedimentation for 96 h. Moreover, the TEM images and electron diffraction patterns were used to confirm that the produced GNPs were few-layer. This study has important implications for selecting the suitable tip sonicating parameters in exfoliating graphite into GNPs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s11671-018-2648-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Tip Sonication Parameters on Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite into Graphene Nanoplatelets

Jiang

Zhang

2018

Nanoscale Res Lett

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“…The significance of natural graphite particle size was also carefully studied by Arao et al It was shown that the production of few layer graphene is much more efficient when small graphite particles are used relative to larger graphite particles. Their findings also add to the fact that the energy required for exfoliation increases with increasing graphite particle size …”

Section: Liquid‐phase Exfoliationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Suitable solvents are also required for storing graphene produced via other top–down methods. As it was demonstrated, a good solvent, or a mixture of few solvents, can be selected on the basis of their technical characteristics (see section on Solvents) . Ionic surfactants can also be added to poor solvents such as water to effectively assist in exfoliation process and prevent graphene from restacking.…”

Section: Challenges and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards scale‐up of graphene production via nonoxidizing liquid exfoliation methods

et al. 2018

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Graphene, the two-dimensional form of carbon, has received a great deal of attention across academia and industry due to its extraordinary electrical, mechanical, thermal, chemical, and optical properties. In view of the potential impact of graphene on numerous and diverse applications in electronics, novel materials, energy, transport, and healthcare, large-scale graphene production is a challenge that must be addressed. In the past decade, top-down production has demonstrated high potential for scale-up. This review features the recent progress made in top-down production methods that have been proposed for the manufacturing of graphene-based products. Fabrication methods such as liquidphase mechanical, chemical and electrochemical exfoliation of graphite are outlined, with a particular focus on nonoxidizing routes for graphene production. Analysis of exfoliation mechanisms, solvent considerations, key advantages and issues, and important production characteristics including production rate and yield, where applicable, are outlined. Future challenges and opportunities in graphene production are also highlighted. V C 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 00: 000-000, 2018 a) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of expanded highly orientated pyrolytic graphite from Cooper et al. (b-c) TEM images of mono-and multilayer graphene from Qian et al. d) SEM image of GO from Voiry et al. e) High resolution TEM (HRTEM) image of single layer reduced graphene oxide with indications of holes (red arrow) and oxygen functional groups (blue arrow) from Voiry et al. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 15-17.

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“…Thus, a facile synthesis of graphene with large quantities is pursued. To date, many techniques have been introduced to synthesize graphene, such as chemical reduction of GO [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], liquid-phase exfoliation [ 16 , 17 ], micro-mechanical exfoliation [ 18 ], chemical vapor deposition [ 19 , 20 , 21 ], etc. Overall, the chemical reduction of GO is believed to be one of the most promising methods to synthesize reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) with low cost and large-scale productivity [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Efficient Reduction of Graphene Oxide via Nascent Hydrogen at Room Temperature

et al. 2018

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To develop a green and efficient method to synthesize graphene in relative milder conditions is prerequisite for graphene applications. A chemical reducing method has been developed to high efficiently reduce graphene oxide (GO) using Fe2O3 and NH3BH3 as catalyst and reductants, respectively. During the process, environmental and strong reductive nascent hydrogen were generated surrounding the surface of GO sheets by catalyst hydrolysis reaction of NH3BH3 and were used for reduction of GO. The reduction process was studied by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrum. The structure and morphology of the reduced GO were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Compared to metal (Mg/Fe/Zn/Al) particles and acid system which also use nascent hydrogen to reduce GO, this method exhibited higher reduction efficiency (43.6%). Also the reduction was carried out at room temperature condition, which is environmentally friendly. As a supercapacitor electrode, the reversible capacity of reduced graphene oxide was 113.8 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and the capacitance retention still remained at 90% after 200 cycles. This approach provides a new method to reduce GO with high reduction efficiency by green reductant.

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Efficient solvent systems for improving production of few-layer graphene in liquid phase exfoliation

Cited by 81 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of Tip Sonication Parameters on Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite into Graphene Nanoplatelets

Effects of Tip Sonication Parameters on Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite into Graphene Nanoplatelets

Towards scale‐up of graphene production via nonoxidizing liquid exfoliation methods

High Efficient Reduction of Graphene Oxide via Nascent Hydrogen at Room Temperature

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