Efficient Color Transformations on Quantum Images

Abstract

Efficient transformations on the color content of images using single qubit operations are proposed based on the Flexible Representation of Quantum Images (FRQI). Utilizing the single qubit dedicated for encoding color information in the FRQI representation, the proposed operations offer massive speed-up in terms of changes in the color information in comparison with classical ones. Simulations of the FRQI images and circuits of these transformations using synthetic and Lena images on classical computers demonstrate the feasibility of the proposal. Together with position related operations, the color transformations could provide the foundation to achieve practical applications which are inefficient at present.

Quantum image processing: A review of advances in its security technologies

“…While FRQI-based general form of color transformations were¯rst proposed by means of the single qubit gates such as X, Z, and H gates. 19 Later, MCQI-based channel of interest (CoI) operator to entail shifting the grayscale value of the preselected color channel and the channel swapping (CS) operator to swap the grayscale values between two channels were fully discussed in Ref. 12.…”

Quantum Computation-Based Image Representation, Processing Operations and Their Applications

“…Considering the FRQI representation in Equation (7), this leaves the single qubit encoding the chromatic (color) content of the image unchanged. In [30,41], color transformations, C, targeting the single qubit chromatic content of FRQI quantum images (CTQI) were proposed. This transformation was subsequently reviewed and utilized in [31,34] to focus on control condition operations on the color wire of the FRQI image, as shown in Figure 6.…”

“…Interested readers are referred to the available literature, notably [30,32,34,41] for extensive discussions on the CTQI transformation, its review to adapt for use in multi-channel quantum images (MCQI) and some available applications in image watermarking and video encryption.…”

“…Among them, FRQI representation is often used and thoroughly studied because it encodes quantum images of the same size using many fewer qubits in comparison with the other methods, and also, it facilitates various classical-like image processing operations. Many image processing strategies exploiting FRQI representation are developed to process transformations that target the geometric information and the color information [29][30][31][32]. In addition, applications based on FRQI representation are presented, such as the watermarking strategies [33][34][35], quantum image data searching [36][37][38] and the framework of producing quantum movies [12,39].…”

Towards Realising Secure and Efficient Image and Video Processing Applications on Quantum Computers

“…In Section 3, we review the FRQI representation including its preparation to obtain the initialised and FRQI image state. Exploiting the flexibility in the manner in which the FRQI representation captures the information about colours and corresponding positions of every point in an image, two sets of transformation operations targeting the chromatic and spatial (geometric) contents of the image, the CTQI and GTQI respectively, were proposed in [30][31][32] and will also be reviewed in the same section (i.e. Section 3).…”