Efficient and Secure Authenticated Quantum Dialogue with Single Photons

Abstract

A new quantum dialogue (QD) protocol with single photons is proposed. In the proposed protocol, two participants perform different operations according to their own secret information. A key previously shared by the two communicants through a secure QKD protocol is used to control not only the encoding operation of the dialogue initiator but also security detection. The analysis on efficiency demonstrates the proposed protocol is more efficient.