Efficacy of the amorphous silica dust, Dryacide, against Tribolium confusum Duv. and Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae and Curculionidae)

Factors affecting the insecticidal efficacy of the diatomaceous earth formulation SilicoSec® against adults of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

“…Similar results were also reported by Arthur (2000) and Vayias and Athanassiou (2004) regarding the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. The reports on the influence of rh on DE efficacy are in agreement with the fact that DE formulations are not effective at high rh levels, and this trend is evident for all beetle species examined so far (Le Patourel, 1986;Aldryhim, 1990Aldryhim, , 1993Arthur, 2000;Fields and Korunic, 2000;Vayias and Athanassiou, 2004). Low rh values cause a more rapid desiccation, which is the mode of action of DE (Subramanyam and Roesli, 2000).…”

“…DE formulations are usually applied directly to the product with almost the same technology as traditional residual insecticides (Subramanyam and Roesli, 2000), so there is practically no need for expensive changes in application machinery in stored-grain facilities. Several studies have shown that DE formulations are effective against a wide range of species, but researchers underline the fact that DE efficacy can be affected by several biotic or abiotic factors; e.g., temperature (Aldryhim, 1990(Aldryhim, , 1993Arthur, 2000Arthur, , 2002Fields and Korunic, 2000;Athanassiou et al, 2005), moisture content or relative humidity (Arthur, 2000(Arthur, , 2002Fields and Korunic, 2000;Vayias and Athanassiou, 2004), and type of product (Athanassiou et al, 2003). Recent laboratory experiments revealed the significant effect of insect strain (Rigaux et al, 2001) and stage (Mewis and Ulrichs, 2001;Vayias and Athanassiou, 2004).…”

Efficacy of diatomaceous earth formulations admixed with grain against populations of Tribolium castaneum

“…Albeit increased temperature increases the efficacy of DE in most insects, species of the genus Tribolium (T. castaneum and T. confusum du Val) show greater tolerance at higher temperatures (Maceljski and Korunic, 1972;Aldryhim, 1990;Fields and Korunic, 2000). This phenomenon could be used to decrease the dosage of DE in grain silos necessary to achieve an acceptable control of flour beetles, i.e.…”

“…Dryacide ® is a gray dust that is 86% amorphous silica, 2% moisture, 8% clay, and 4% carbon from organic material in the original diatomite. The median particle size is about 11.1 µm (Aldryhim, 1990). As Dryacide ® was not available at the start of the experiments, the diatomite used for production of Dryacide ® was used (throughout the text, the term Dryacide DE is thus used in reference to this diatomite).…”

Resposta de Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) e Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) a diferentes concentrações de terra de diatomácea em trigo armazenado a granel

“…A mortalidade de Sitophilus granarius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e T. confusum, expostas à sílica em pó (Dryacide ® ), foi observada após 16 e 48 horas, sendo que, para as mesmas condições, S. granarius foi mais suscetível que T. confusum (ALDRYHIM, 1990).…”