Efficacy of Different Biochars in Removing Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Emitted from Swine Manure

Hwang, Ok-Hwa; Lee, Sang-Ryong; Cho, Sung-Back; Ro, Kyoung S.; Spiehs, Mindy J.; Woodbury, Bryan L.; Silva, Philip J.; Han, Deug‐Woo; Hee-Chul, Choi; Kim, Ki-Yong; Jung, Min-Woong

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02881

Cited by 64 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The concentrations of odorous VOCs in the influent and effluent streams were measured using thermal desorption sorbent tubes similar to Hwang et al [18]. Influent and effluent gas samples were pulled and passed through the sorbent tubes (Markes International, #C1-AAXX-5003, Sacramento, CA, USA) at 75 mL/min for a duration of 20 min (i.e., 1.5 L of a total sample volume) using small pumps (SKC, #210-1002 pocket pump and #220-5000TC Aircheck Touch, Eighty Four, PA, USA).…”

Section: Analyses Of Odorous Vocs H 2 S and Scoavsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochar is a carbonaceous product of pyrolyzing biomass with the potential to improve soil quality and water holding capacities [17]. Recently, Hwang et al evaluated the potential of using biochar made from animal manure and plant biomass for removing 15 odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which consisted of reduced sulfur compounds, volatile fatty acids, phenolic, and indolic compounds [18]. They found that manure-based biochars could not effectively remove reduced sulfur compounds such as dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pilot-Scale H2S and Swine Odor Removal System Using Commercially Available Biochar

Woodbury

Spiehs

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Although biochars made in laboratory seem to remove H2S and odorous compounds effectively, very few studies are available for commercial biochars. This study evaluated the efficacy of a commercial biochar (CBC) for removing H2S and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We found that the well-known Ergun equation may not be adequate in predicting pressure drop for properly sizing a ventilation system. The H2S breakthrough adsorption capacity of the CBC was 2.51 mg/g under humid conditions, which was much higher than that for dry conditions. The breakthrough capacity increased with the influent concentration of H2S. The efficacy of a pilot-scale biochar odor removal system (PSBORS) for removing 15 odorous VOCs was evaluated by placing it in a swine gestation stall continually treating the inside air for 21 days. All VOCs in the PSBORS effluent were below detection limit except for acetic acid. However, due to the very high odor threshold of acetic acid, its contribution to the odor would be minimal. It appeared that the CBC could be used to reduce both H2S and odorous VOCs with the potential of recycling the spent CBC for soil health improvement after using it for H2S and odor removal.

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Section: Analyses Of Odorous Vocs H 2 S and Scoavsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot-Scale H2S and Swine Odor Removal System Using Commercially Available Biochar

Woodbury

Spiehs

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…Odor strength of each compound was determined by OAV (Parker et al, 2012;Trabue et al, 2016). Although OAV does not account for accurate hedonic tone of many odorous compounds in the air, it can be inferred as a rough estimation of relative concentrations of each odorous compound or class of compounds (Hwang et al, 2018). Total volatile organic compound (VOC) OAV was calculated by summing of each compound class OAV, which was used to evaluate the effect of manure dilution on odor.…”

Section: Headspace Gas Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swine manure dilution with lagoon effluent impact on odor reduction and manure digestion

et al. 2021

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Manure management systems have a major impact on odor from swine operations. A study was conducted to compare deep-pit manure management systems to flushing barn manure management systems for odor reduction and organic matter degradation. Bioreactors were used to mimic manure management systems in which manure and lagoon effluent were loaded initially, and subsequent manure was added daily at 5% of its storage capacity (1 L). Final manure-to-lagoon effluent ratios were 10:0 (deep-pit manure management system), 7:3 (Korean flushing systems), 5:5 (enhanced flushing systems), and 2:8 (enhanced flushing systems). At the end of the trial, at 4 (2:8), 10 (5:5), or 14 (10:0, 7:3) d, manure and gas concentrations of odorants were measured, including total solids (TS), total N (TN), and total C (TC) of manure. Odor was evaluated using the odor activity values (OAVs), and regression analysis was used to determine the effects of dilution and TS on manure properties and OAVs. Solids in the manure were positively correlated to TN, TC, straight chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branch chain fatty acids (BCFAs), total phenols, and total indoles and positively correlated to OAV for SCFAs, BCFAs, ammonia, total phenols, and total indoles. Reducing TS by 90% reduced BCFA, ammonia, phenols, and indoles by equal amounts in air. Carbon dioxide was the main C source evolved, averaging over 90%, and CH 4 increased with dilution quadratically. Overall, reducing solids in manure by dilution had the biggest impact on reducing odor and increasing organic C degradation. 1 INTRODUCTION The United States is the third leading producer of swine in the world, behind China and the European Union, with over 77 million hogs in production (USDA Foreign Agriculture Services, 2020) generating over 26 billion dollars in revenue and representing 6.8% of all agricultural revenue (USDA National Agricultural Statistical Services, 2019). In Iowa, the swine

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“…In addition, modified biochar-based materials can also be used to mitigate the malodourous air caused by volatile organic compounds generated from municipal waste [21]. The biochar was also effective in diminishing the odorous compounds from livestock farming [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Modified Biochar-Based Materials for the Removal of Environment Pollutants: A Mini Review

Lee

Park

2020

Sustainability

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The biochar treated through several processes can be modified and utilized as catalyst or catalyst support due to specific properties with various available functional groups on the surface. The functional groups attached to the biochar surface can initiate active radical species to play an important role, which lead to the destruction of contaminants as a catalyst and the removal of adsorbent by involving electron transfer or redox processes. Centering on the high potential to be developed in field applications, this paper reviews more feasible and sustainable biochar-based materials resulting in efficient removals of environmental pollutants as catalyst or support rather than describing them according to the technology category. This review addresses biochar-based materials for utilization as catalysts, metal catalyst supports of iron/iron oxides, and titanium dioxide because the advanced oxidation process using iron/iron oxides or titanium dioxides is more effective for the removal of contaminants. Biochar-based materials can be used for the removal of inorganic contaminants such as heavy meals and nitrate or phosphate to cause eutrophication of water. The biochar-based materials available for the remediation of eutrophic water by the release of N- or P-containing compounds is also reviewed.

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Efficacy of Different Biochars in Removing Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Emitted from Swine Manure

Cited by 64 publications

References 23 publications

Pilot-Scale H2S and Swine Odor Removal System Using Commercially Available Biochar

Pilot-Scale H2S and Swine Odor Removal System Using Commercially Available Biochar

Swine manure dilution with lagoon effluent impact on odor reduction and manure digestion

Applications of Modified Biochar-Based Materials for the Removal of Environment Pollutants: A Mini Review

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