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Cited by 43 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…MS is an evolving disease, now considered of both inflammatory and neurodegenerative nature [165][166][167][168]. Axonal injury and loss accounting for brain atrophy may be either acute (i.e.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…MS is an evolving disease, now considered of both inflammatory and neurodegenerative nature [165][166][167][168]. Axonal injury and loss accounting for brain atrophy may be either acute (i.e.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…due to inflammation) or chronic/late due to pathogenic mechanisms primed by the preceding inflammation and later perpetuating with disease progression [169][170][171]. Brain atrophy occurs as early as CIS, progresses faster than it does in healthy adults, and is the best predictor of future disability, physical and cognitive [166,172]. It is widely accepted to be a valid, sensitive and reproducible measure of neuroprotection in MS research studies and therapeutic trials.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since then, more questions than answers have arisen. Questions regarding the evaluation of CI and the type of CR should be investigated (64); evidence and methodological restrictions of CR protocols (1,(65)(66)(67)(68) as well as many practical issues of CR, such as the mechanisms of action, duration, intensity, frequency, repeatability, consistency and duration of effects, ecological validity, and "the transportability of such interventions under real-world conditions, " (69) should be fully explored. There is another major practical restriction: in most countries, there is lack of providers (clinical neuropsychologists and trained speech language therapists) able to apply these methods (64).…”
Section: Neurorehabilitation and Neuromodulation For Ms-related Cognimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The evidence up till now is only modest regarding the efficacy of pharmacological agents on cognitive dysfunction [49,50], and non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive rehabilitation also provide incomplete evidence on whether they might improve or stabilize cognitive impairment and especially over long follow up periods [51]. Despite this general consensus, there are studies that have reported the efficacy of pharmacological agents [52] and cognitive rehabilitation [28,53,54] in reducing MS associated cognitive deficits.…”
Section: Interventions For Cognitive Dysfunction In Multiple Sclerosismentioning
confidence: 99%