Efficacy of booster doses in augmenting waning immune responses to COVID-19 vaccine in patients with cancer

Shapiro, Lauren C.; Thakkar, Astha; Campbell, Sean T.; Forest, Sylvain; Pradhan, Kith; Gonzalez-Lugo, Jesus D.; Quinn, Ryann; Bhagat, Tushar D.; Choudhary, Gaurav S.; McCort, Margaret; Sica, R. Alejandro; Goldfinger, Mendel; Goel, Swati; Anampa, Jesús; Levitz, David; Fromowitz, Ariel; Shah, Akash Pradip; Sklow, Charlotte; Alfieri, Gregory; Racine, Andrew D.; Wolgast, Lucia R.; Greenberger, Lee M.; Verma, Amit; Halmos, Balázs

doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2021.11.006

Cited by 98 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the vast majority of malignancies (past or ongoing) were solid tumors (97%; n = 2259). While evidence from real-world studies indicates that some patients with hematologic malignancies do not mount adequate immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , the low number of participants with hematologic malignancies in our study limits the ability to make conclusions about efficacy in this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In recent real-world studies, lower serological responses to COVID-19 vaccination regimens have generally been reported in cohorts of patients with hematologic malignancies compared with patients with solid tumors and healthy controls, with the lowest responses among patients on active treatment [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [44] , [45] . Particularly low antibody responses to the first BNT162b2 vaccine dose have been reported in patients with cancer, highlighting the potential importance of additional doses [27] , [32] , [39] , [40] , [43] , [46] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly low antibody responses to the first BNT162b2 vaccine dose have been reported in patients with cancer, highlighting the potential importance of additional doses [27] , [32] , [39] , [40] , [43] , [46] . Even with two vaccine doses, many patients with hematologic malignancies remain at risk for not producing adequate antibody responses [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] . In a recent cohort study of patients with solid and hematologic cancer (n = 88), a third COVID-19 vaccine dose potentiated immune responses in most patients, although a few patients (particularly those who received anti-CD20 therapy) did not have a serological response even after a third dose [26] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even with two vaccine doses, many patients with hematologic malignancies remain at risk for not producing adequate antibody responses [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] . In a recent cohort study of patients with solid and hematologic cancer (n = 88), a third COVID-19 vaccine dose potentiated immune responses in most patients, although a few patients (particularly those who received anti-CD20 therapy) did not have a serological response even after a third dose [26] . The ability to draw conclusions about the safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with hematologic malignancies in our subgroup analysis is limited by the very low number of participants with a history of these types of malignancies (<3%; n = 97).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Efficacy and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in participants with a history of cancer: subgroup analysis of a global phase 3 randomized clinical trial

Thomas¹,

Perez²,

Lockhart³

et al. 2022

Vaccine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Efficacy and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in participants with a history of cancer: subgroup analysis of a global phase 3 randomized clinical trial

Thomas¹,

Perez²,

Lockhart³

et al. 2022

Vaccine

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“…There is now accumulating evidence for vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 in patients with cancer. (58,182,(184)(185)(186)(187)194,(197)(198)(199)(200)(201)(202)(203)(204)(205)(206)(207)(208)(209)(210)(211)(212) In most patients with cancer, mRNA vaccination leads to seroconversion after the second dose, although antibody titers achieved tend to be inferior to non-cancer controls. (185)(186)(187)198,200,(207)(208)(209)(210)212) There is also emerging evidence that COVID-19 vaccines differ in antigenicity, for example mRNA-1273 (Moderna, Inc.) can generate higher median antibody titers than BNT162b2 (Pfizer and BioNTech).…”

Section: Antibody Response/seroconversion Of Covid-19 Vaccination In Patients With Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning through a Pandemic: The Current State of Knowledge on COVID-19 and Cancer

Elkrief¹,

Wu²,

Jani³

et al. 2021

Cancer Discov

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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has left patients with current or past history of cancer facing disparate consequences at every stage of the cancer trajectory. This comprehensive review offers a landscape analysis of the current state of the literature on COVID-19 and cancer including the immune response to COVID-19, risk factors for severe disease, and impact of anticancer therapies. We also review the latest data on treatment of COVID-19 and vaccination safety and efficacy in patients with cancer, as well as impact of the pandemic on cancer care, including the urgent need for rapid evidence generation and realworld study designs.

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Kinetics of cellular and humoral immunogenicity and effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 booster vaccination in hematologic neoplasms

Jiménez

Fernández‐Naval

Navarro³

et al. 2023

American J Hematol

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Data on the effect of booster SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination are mainly focused on humoral immunogenicity, while the kinetics of vaccine‐induced cellular response and its correlation with effectiveness in hematologic patients are less explored. Our aim was to evaluate the longitudinal cellular and humoral immunogenicity induced by two and three doses of the mRNA‐1273 SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in 270 patients with hematologic malignancies, and its relationship with the severity of breakthrough SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Results indicate that at 23 weeks after the second dose, the seroconversion rate declined from 68.5% to 59.3%, with a reduction in median anti‐S titers from 1577 to 456 BAU/mL, mainly in patients over 65 years of age or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients undergoing active therapy. Cellular immunogenicity, however, remained positive in 84.4% of cases. A third vaccine dose seroconverted 42.7% (41/96) and triggered cellular response in 36.7% (11/30) of previously negative patients. Notably, only 7.2% (15/209) of patients failed to develop both humoral and cellular response. Active therapy, anti‐CD20 antibodies, lymphopenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, and low CD19+ cell count were associated with poor humoral response, while active disease, GvHD immunosuppressive therapy, lymphopenia, and low CD3+, CD4+, CD56+ cell count determined an impaired cellular response. After 13.8 months of follow‐up, the incidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 24.8% (67/270), including 6 (9%) severe/critical cases associated with a weaker cellular (median interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) 0.19 vs. 0.35 IU/mL) and humoral response (median anti‐S titer <4.81 vs. 788 BAU/mL) than asymptomatic/mild cases. In conclusion, SARS‐CoV‐2 booster vaccination improves humoral response and COVID‐19 severity is associated with impaired vaccine‐induced immunogenicity.

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Efficacy of booster doses in augmenting waning immune responses to COVID-19 vaccine in patients with cancer

Cited by 98 publications

References 11 publications

Efficacy and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in participants with a history of cancer: subgroup analysis of a global phase 3 randomized clinical trial

Efficacy and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in participants with a history of cancer: subgroup analysis of a global phase 3 randomized clinical trial

Learning through a Pandemic: The Current State of Knowledge on COVID-19 and Cancer

Kinetics of cellular and humoral immunogenicity and effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 booster vaccination in hematologic neoplasms

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