Effects on chick growth of adding various non‐protein nitrogen sources or dried autoclaved poultry manure to diets containing crystalline essential amino acids

Sun dried (30 to 35 C) manure of adult fowl, pig, cow, or sheep was used to replace 5, 10, 15, and 20% of the maize in corn-peanut base diets for started broiler and pullet replacement chicks and for laying pullets. The manure of the fowl followed by that of the cow were superior to that of pig and of sheep in replacing up to 15% of maize (7.5% of the whole diet) for the different categories of birds used in the experiment. The beneficial effects of the poultry and cow manure were manifested most prominently on growth rate of the chicks and on egg production of the layers which were either comparable with or higher than those of the control. The mineral contents of the manure of the fowl and pig appeared to be beneficial in maintaining egg size and shell thickness. However these types of manure tended to reduce the intensity of egg yolk color.1979 Poultry Science 58:852-857

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Replacing Corn with Sun-Dried Manure of Laying Pullet, Mature Pig, Sheep, and Cow

Oluyemi

Esubi

1979

“…The role of uric acid in the nutrition of the chicken has received considerable attention in the literature (Lee and Blair, 1972;McNab et al, 1974). Wiseman et al (1956), Bare et al (1964), and Anderson et al (1952), have suggested that chicks will grow more rapidly when conditions of diet and antibiotic supplementation encourage an increase in numbers and activity of those bacteria which remove a potentially toxic substance (uric acid) from the intestinal tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement of Uric Acid Levels in Chicken Cecal Contents

Chang

1980

Uric acid levels in the cecal contents of White Leghorn males aged 6, 10, and 24 weeks of age were constant at approximately 2 mg/100 ml. Fecal samples obtained from these birds contained, respectively, 99, 107, and 156 mg/100 ml uric acid. The addition of growth promoting level of antibiotics or other feed additive to the ration of 10-week-old White Leghorn males had no effect upon cecal uric acid levels.

“…The uricolytic metabolism of the bird has stimulated considerable interest concerning the role of uric acid in avian nutrition (Lee and Blair, 1972;McNab et al, 1974). Several workers have reported that dietary antibiotics can benefit the bird by enhancing in vivo destruction of uric acid (Wiseman et al, 1956;Anderson et al, 1952;Bare et al, 1964. Little work has been done to determine the antibiotic sensitivities of known cecal species (Barnes and Goldberg, 1962).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In Vitro Antibiotic Activity on Cecal Anaerobes with Emphasis on Uric Acid-Utilizing Bacteria

Chang

1980

A total of 741 individual colonies or representative colonial types were isolated on basal-hlf-uric acid (UA) agar plates containing various antibiotics and on two types of control media. All of the antibiotics utilized in this study were capable of reducing bacterial numbers and/or bacterial groups in vitro when compared to the control plates. None of the antibiotics were selective for the uric acid bacteria. The majority (96%) of the cecal isolates utilizing uric acid were gram-positive. The basal-half-uric acid agar was a nonselective growth medium and supported the growth of virtually every bacterial group reported to be present in the avian cecum. The cecal flora of the adult White Leghorn hens tested was observed to be composed of 23% G+ (gram-positive) rods, 24% G- (gram-negative) rods, 26% G+ cocci, 9% G- cocci, and 18% G+ coccal-bacilli.