Effects of zinc bacitracin, bird age and access to range on bacterial microbiota in the ileum and caeca of broiler chickens

Gong, Joshua; Yu, Hai; Liu, Tingting; Gill, Jason J.; Chambers, James R.; Wheatcroft, Roger; Sabour, Parviz M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03699.x

Cited by 125 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Previous studies used both culture-dependent and -independent methods to show an increase in the diversity of the bacterial community in the ileum and cecum as a bird ages (Knarreborg et al, 2002;van der Wielen et al, 2002;Hume et al, 2003;Gong et al, 2008). Our data agree with these observations.…”

Section: Group C Genussupporting

confidence: 82%

Exposure of different bacterial inocula to newborn chicken affects gut microbiota development and ileum gene expression

et al. 2009

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The transition from a sterile gut environment to the development of microbiota in the newborns is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of exposure to bacterial communities on the development of gut microbiota in the newly hatched chicken. A total of 90 as-hatched chicks were divided into three groups. Groups A and B were treated with inocula of the cecal origin, whereas group C was fed with sterile water. The major bacteria in Inoculum-I to treat group A included Bacteroides (20.7%), Lachnospiraceae (17.2%) and unclassified Ruminococcaceae (16.1%), whereas group B was introduced with Inoculum-II composed of Prevotella (37.9%), Acidaminococcus (16.1%) and Dorea (12.6%). Analyses of the ileal and cecal contents over a period of 15 days showed that Inoculum-I resulted in a higher rate of colonization than Inoculum-II, but the colonization was predominantly in the cecum. The influence of Inoculum-II on group B was similar to that of water on group C, showing only a marginal effect on colonization. Microarray analysis showed that each group presented a distinct pattern of gene expression in the ileum. In group A, the most obvious changes were noted in genes controlling the function of ion transport, cell cycle and chromosome maintenance, suggesting that the inocula influenced gene expression. Our findings indicate that initial exposure to different bacterial communities could lead to the development of distinct microbiota and gene expression in the gut. It is possible to manipulate the gut microbiota by feeding to a proper bacterial composition at an early age.

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Section: Group C Genussupporting

confidence: 82%

Exposure of different bacterial inocula to newborn chicken affects gut microbiota development and ileum gene expression

et al. 2009

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“…The lack of differentiation between juvenile and adult community structures is an interesting finding, as strong differences have been reported for other avian systems in which the juveniles were of an age similar to (32,36) or older than (33) the juveniles studied here. Despite the lack of difference in community structure, some OTUs varied significantly in abundance between younger and older birds, likely reflecting at least some role of bird age in shaping the microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Previous research into the development of the gut microbiota in other host species has shown that the microbiota of juveniles differs significantly from that of adults in both avians and mammals (32)(33)(34)(35)(36), although it is not clear whether this pattern is reflected in the kakapo (12). In many avian species, the juvenile microbiota is a dynamically changing community (37-39) that gradually develops toward the adult community structure (33,36), but the changes in microbiota as the subject ages vary by host.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of Hand Rearing and Bird Age on the Fecal Microbiota of the Critically Endangered Kakapo

Waite

Eason²,

Taylor

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bThe critically endangered New Zealand parrot, the kakapo, is subject to an intensive management regime aiming to maintain bird health and boost population size. Newly hatched kakapo chicks are subjected to human intervention and are frequently placed in captivity throughout their formative months. Hand rearing greatly reduces mortality among juveniles, but the potential long-term impact on the kakapo gut microbiota is uncertain. To track development of the kakapo gut microbiota, fecal samples from healthy, prefledged juvenile kakapos, as well as from unrelated adults, were analyzed by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. Following the original sampling, juvenile kakapos underwent a period of captivity, so further sampling during and after captivity aimed to elucidate the impact of captivity on the juvenile gut microbiota. Variation in the fecal microbiota over a year was also investigated, with resampling of the original juvenile population. Amplicon pyrosequencing revealed a juvenile fecal microbiota enriched with particular lactic acid bacteria compared to the microbiota of adults, although the overall community structure did not differ significantly among kakapos of different ages. The abundance of key operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was correlated with antibiotic treatment and captivity, although the importance of these factors could not be proven unequivocally within the bounds of this study. Finally, the microbial community structure of juvenile and adult kakapos changed over time, reinforcing the need for continual monitoring of the microbiota as part of regular health screening.

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“…Furthermore, it was observed that the effect on pancreatic enzymate activity was most evident in 7-d of old broilers, as shown by the influence on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities. This age is crucial for broiler development, as, once the chick hatches, the gastrointestinal tract rapidly develops in relation to their body development and is colonized by microbial populations, which may or may not be beneficial (GONG et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propolis residue inclusion in the diet affects digestive enzyme activity in broiler chickens

Duarte

Eyng

Murakami

et al. 2017

SCA

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This study investigated the effects of the inclusion of solid propolis residue (PR) from alcoholic propolis extraction in the diets of broiler chickens from 1 to 21-d of age on their performance, intestinal morphology, and digestive enzyme activity. 405 male chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (inclusion of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% PR in the diets), and three replications with 27 birds each. The birds were fed experimental diets from 1 to 21-d of age and basal diet from 22 to 42-d of age. Feed intake (from 1 to 21-d and 1 to 42-d of age) decreased linearly with increasing levels of PR inclusion (P < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of PR did not affect intestinal morphology at 7 and 21-d of age (P > 0.05). Pancreatic amylase activity presented a quadratic response at 7 and 21-d of age, with its lowest activity estimated at 2.45 and 1.91% PR inclusion, respectively. At 7-d of age, trypsin activity decreased linearly, whereas chymotrypsin activity varied quadratically, with its activity estimated at 2.06% PR inclusion. Intestinal maltase activity varied quadratically with lowest activity predicted at 1.57% PR inclusion at 21-d of age. The dietary inclusion of solid propolis residue of propolis decreases feed intake in broilers and modulates their intestinal and pancreatic enzyme activity. Key words: Disaccharidases. Intestinal morphometry. Pancreatic enzyme. Propolis byproduct. ResumoEste estudo investigou os efeitos da inclusão do resíduo sólido da extração alcoólica da própolis (PR) em dietas de frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade no desempenho, morfologia intestinal e atividade de enzimas digestivas. 405 frangos machos foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (inclusão de 0, 1, 2, 3 e 4% de PR na ração), e três repetições com 27 aves cada. As aves receberam as dietas experimentais de 1 a 21 dias de idade e dieta basal de 22 a 42 dias de idade. O consumo de ração (1 a 21 dias e 1 a 42 dias) diminuiu linearmente com o aumento de inclusão de PR (P < 0,05). A inclusão de PR não afetou a morfometria intestinal aos 7 e 21 dias de idade (P > 0.05). A atividade da amilase pancreática apresentou resposta quadrática aos 7 e 21 dias de idade (P < 0,05), com menores atividades estimadas ao nível de 2,45 e 1,91% de inclusão de PR, respectivamente. Aos 7 dias de idade, a atividade da tripsina diminuiu linearmente, enquanto

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Effects of zinc bacitracin, bird age and access to range on bacterial microbiota in the ileum and caeca of broiler chickens

Cited by 125 publications

References 38 publications

Exposure of different bacterial inocula to newborn chicken affects gut microbiota development and ileum gene expression

Exposure of different bacterial inocula to newborn chicken affects gut microbiota development and ileum gene expression

Influence of Hand Rearing and Bird Age on the Fecal Microbiota of the Critically Endangered Kakapo

Propolis residue inclusion in the diet affects digestive enzyme activity in broiler chickens

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