Effects of Yeast Glucomannan and Sodium Bentonite on the Toxicity of Aflatoxin in Broilers

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a yeast glucomannan (YG) and sodium bentonite (SB) in reducing the toxicity of aflatoxin for broilers fed a diet naturally contaminated with aflatoxin. In total, 300 7-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 10 dietary treatments, consisting of a diet with no aflatoxin (positive control), a diet naturally contaminated with 250 ppb aflatoxin (negative control), and eight aflatoxin-contaminated diets supplemented with different SB and YG and their combinations. Serum biochemical parameters and liver pathological changes were investigated when broilers were 42 days old. The birds fed the negative control diet presented lower uric acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and higher in AST and ALT activities compared with the positive control group. In addition, negative-control birds also showed significant histopathological changes (p<0.05), including slight to moderate hydropic degeneration and/or fatty changes (8 cases), bile-duct hyperplasia (7 cases), periportal fibrosis (5 cases), cells infiltration (4 cases), congestion (3 cases) as well gross pathological changes. The addition of YG and SB to the aflatoxin-contaminated diet partially alleviated the negative effects of aflatoxin. However, the supplementation 0.1% YG alone to the aflatoxin-contaminated diet significantly prevented the adverse effects of aflatoxin on serum biochemical parameters and pathological liver changes and was found to be more effective than other treatments.

The Preventive Effects of Different Doses of Glucomannan on Experimental Aflatoxicosis in Japanese Quails

“…Glucomannans (GM) are extracted from the cell wall of the live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and were used to prevent the absorption of mycotoxins in the early 1990s (Stanley et al, 1993). It was demonstrated that GM present a strong capacity to bind AF in vivo and in vitro when added to poultry diets (Bintvihok et al, 2002;Karaman et al, 2005;Oguz, 2011;Azizpour & Moghadam, 2015). The positive effect of GM on oxidative stress parameters was also shown in quails (Atalay, 2010).…”

Efficacy of a commercial supplement added to drinking water in broilers fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets

“…Thus, there is a need for new supplements or synergistic combinations to more efficiently alleviate the deleterious effects of AF and restore liver health and productivity. It has been shown that yeast extracts have the ability to reduce some of the adverse effects of aflatoxicosis in broilers and layers (Zaghini et al, 2005;Matur et al, 2010;Azizpour & Moghadam, 2015). Some plant extracts can also be used in poultry diets to counteract the toxicity of AF (Fouad et al, 2019).…”

Evaluation of Bentonite as a Feed Additive to Improve Egg Quality in 74-week Old Laying Hens

“…In pigs, the enzymatic activity of gastrointestinal secretions has been improved with the addition of benton-ite (Parisini et al, 1999). In other reports, using bentonite as an adsorbent was effective in minimizing minimizing the toxic effects of aflatoxins on poultry diets and poultry health (Azizpour and Moghadam, 2015). Specifically, when a small amount of bentonite (1%) was added to the diets of laying hens, egg production and egg size increased by 15% and 10%, respectively, and egg shell hardness increased (Nasir et al, 2000).…”