Effects of White Radish (Raphanus sativus) Enzyme Extract on Hepatotoxicity

Abstract

Raphanus sativus (Cruciferaceae), commonly known as radish is widely available throughout the world. From antiquity it has been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of radish (Raphanus sativus) enzyme extract (REE) in vitro and in vivo test. The IC50 values of REE in human liver derived HepG2 cells was over 5,000 μg/ml in tested maximum concentration. The effect of REE to protect tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. REE showed their hepatoprotective activities on tacrineinduced cytotoxicity and the EC50 value was 1,250 μg/ml. Silymarin, an antihepatotoxic agent used as a positive control exhibited 59.7% hepatoprotective activitiy at 100 μg/ml. Moreover, we tested the effect of REE on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in rats. REE at dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg and silymarin at dose of 50 mg/kg were orally administered to CCl4-treated rats. The results showed that REE and silymarin significantly reduced the elevated levels of serum enzyme markers induced by CCl4. The biochemical data were supported by evaluation with liver histopathology. These findings suggest that REE, can significantly diminish hepatic damage by toxic agent such as tacrine or CCl4.

Inhibitory Effect of Black Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. niger) Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in the Mouse Monocyte/Macrophage-Like Cell Line RAW 264.7

“…Radish roots are primarily used as food and food supplement. The beneficial effects of its roots, sprouts, seeds, and leaves include its detoxification in HepG2 cells ( Hanlon et al, 2007 ; Scholl et al, 2011 ) and its hepatoprotective ( Lee et al, 2012 ), antioxidant ( Lugasi et al, 1998 ; Lugasi et al, 2005 ; Beevi et al, 2012 ), anti-inflammatory ( Park and Song, 2017 ), gastroprotective ( Alqasoumi et al, 2008 ; Ahn et al, 2013 ), antimicrobial ( Nehrash, 1961 ; Gutiérrez and Perez, 2004 ), anti-fibrotic ( Asghari et al, 2015 ), anti-obesity ( Kim et al, 2014 ), anti-lipogenic ( Kim et al, 2015b ), and anti-diabetic ( Taniguchi et al, 2007 ; Shukla et al, 2011 ; Banihani, 2017 ) properties. These beneficial effects are often attributed to its sulfur compounds, phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, and flavonoids ( Gutiérrez and Perez, 2004 ; Ediage et al, 2011 ; Shin et al, 2015 ).…”

Deciphering the Nutraceutical Potential of Raphanus sativus—A Comprehensive Overview

“…The hepatoprotective effects of the radish extract have been recorded by various researchers [36,42,43,44,45,46,47]. Bioactive compounds, such as indole-3-carbinol, 3-[ethoxy- (methylthio)methyl]-2-pyrrolidinethione and 3-(E)-(methylthio)-methylene-2-pyrrolidinethione, present in the radish root and sprouts decreased the severity of fatty liver disease in mouse models [48].…”

Characterization of Diversity and Probiotic Efficiency of the Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Fermentation of Selected Raw Fruit and Vegetable Juices

“…Therefore, by selecting a wide diversity of raw materials, we were able to investigate dissimilarities in their microbial profiles and identify promising LAB strains in these FVJs. In this study, cherry ( Jacob et al, 2003 ; Chaovanalikit and Wrolstad, 2004 ; Kim et al, 2005 ), white-fleshed pitaya ( Wichienchot et al, 2010 ; Garcia-Cruz et al, 2017 ), white radish ( Hashimoto et al, 2006 ; Lee et al, 2012 ; Kaymak et al, 2015 ), broccoli ( Keck et al, 2003 ; Moreno et al, 2006 ; Berenbaum, 2014 ; Armah et al, 2015 ), and ginger ( Kruth et al, 2004 ; Palatty et al, 2013 ; Daily et al, 2015 ), which have been shown to exhibit a great variety of bioactive characteristics, were chosen as substrates for the isolation of LAB strains and follow-up testing.…”