Effects of Weight Loss on Fitness in Obese Children

Physiotherapy and related management for childhood obesity: A systematic scoping review

“…Intervention studies included non-randomised (56%) and randomised trials (44%) clinical trials. Clinical trials included in the present scoping review were focused on increasing physical activity (n = 36) [ 114 , 119 , 133 , 136 , 146 , 148 , 149 , 153 , 168 , 172 , 188 – 191 , 205 , 207 , 208 , 210 , 214 , 239 , 240 , 242 , 244 , 246 – 248 , 256 , 263 , 271 , 272 , 274 , 276 , 281 , 283 , 286 , 294 ]; increasing physical activity and improving diet or nutritional education (n = 19) [ 93 , 98 , 127 , 129 , 150 , 162 , 164 , 218 , 222 , 229 , 251 , 254 , 258 , 260 , 267 – 269 , 277 , 288 ]; increasing physical activity and offering healthy lifestyle education (n = 13)...…”

Growth Rate Reduction during Energy Restriction in Obese Adolescents

“…The observation that obese children and adolescents are less active than the nonobese, lead to consider the role of energy expenditure as a risk factor in the increase of adiposity (Ravussin et al, 1988). Reports of Griffiths et al (1987), show that in children with a high risk of obesity (according to parents' obesity), the most striking findings were the reduction of energy turnover and a reduction of expenditure; this is the reason why the increase of energy consumption is a great help in the maintenance of energy balance (Peña et al, 1980;Peña and Bacallao, 1984), while at the same time physical work capacity increases (Epstein et al, 1983).…”

Long-term relationship between weight and aerobic-fitness change in children.

“…The present study analyzes the relationship between relative-weight and aerobic-fitness changes over a 5-year period, extending the previous analysis of relative-weight and aerobic-fitness changes beyond a 6-month period (Epstein et al, 1983). This extended analysis is important due to the necessity for understanding long-term changes in health behaviors and physical outcomes because improvements in health behaviors are often difficult to maintain (Brownell, Marlatt, Lichtenstein, & Wilson, 1986).…”

“…The submaximal step test is useful as an easily obtained measure of aerobic fitness; however, it has two limitations. First, this test is weight-dependent; therefore weight change independent of increased activity may result in improved aerobic fitness (Epstein et al, 1983). Second, the test is submaximal.…”

“…In the previous study, most children showed decreases in percentage overweight at the end of 6 months (Epstein et al, 1983), resulting in a truncated distribution of weight change and preventing assessment of the effects of increases in relative weight on aerobic fitness. After 5 years, there is a greater range of outcome, facilitating the comparison of fitness changes across a wider range of percentage overweight changes.…”