Effects of tibolone and continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on mammographic breast density

Lundström, Eva; Christow, Alexander; Kersemaekers, Wendy M.; Svane, Gunilla; Azavedo, Edward; Söderqvist, Gunnar; Mol-Arts, Mirjam; Barkfeldt, J.; Schoultz, Bo von

doi:10.1067/mob.2002.121896

Cited by 165 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The risk of breast cancer following the use of tibolone was significantly increased for all types of breast cancers, most so for some favourable types, but the estimates are based on small numbers and confidence intervals are wide. This finding is partly unexpected, as early reports have suggested a beneficial effect on breast tissue with the use of tibolone and the mammographic density was unaffected (Chetrite et al, 1999;Lundstrom et al, 2002). Tibolone might therefore have been preferred for women with a family history of breast cancer, as it has been considered a safer HRT regimen regarding the risk of breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Breast cancer with different prognostic characteristics developing in Danish women using hormone replacement therapy

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of developing prognostic different types of breast cancer in women using hormone replacement therapy (HRT). A total of 10 874 postmenopausal Danish Nurses were followed since 1993. Incident breast cancer cases and histopathological information were retrieved through the National Danish registries. The follow-up ended on 31 December 1999. Breast cancer developed in 244 women, of whom 172 were invasive ductal carcinomas. Compared to never users, current users of HRT had an increased risk of a hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, but a neutral risk of receptor-negative breast cancer, relative risk (RR) 3.29 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.27 -4.77) and RR 0.99 (95% CI: 0.42 -2.36), respectively (P for difference ¼ 0.013). The risk of being diagnosed with low histological malignancy grade was higher than high malignancy grade with RR 4.13 (95% CI: 2.43 -7.01) and RR 2.17 (95% CI: 1.42 -3.30), respectively (P ¼ 0.063). For breast cancers with other prognostic characteristics, the risk was increased equally for the favourable and nonfavourable types. Current users of HRT experience a two-to four-fold increased risk of breast cancer with various prognostic characteristics, both the favourable and nonfavourable types. For receptor status, the risk with HRT was statistically significantly higher for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer compared to receptor-negative breast cancer.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Breast cancer with different prognostic characteristics developing in Danish women using hormone replacement therapy

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, the 51 women treated with tibolone did not differ from those in the placebo group according to percentage mammographic density. 17 Lundstr€ om has previously shown that current use of EPT was more likely to give an increase in qualitative mammographic density than the use of other HTs. Furthermore, they found that among EPT users, the use of a continuous E 2 plus NETA EPT was more likely to give an increase than the use of a continuous CEE plus MPA EPT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different types of postmenopausal hormone therapy and mammographic density in Norwegian women

Bremnes

Ursin

Bjurstam

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. The HTs used in Scandinavia is associated with higher risk estimates than those used in most other countries. Mammographic density is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer, and possibly an intermediate marker for breast cancer. We decided to examine the relationship between use of different types of HT and mammographic density in Norwegian women. Altogether, 1,007 postmenopausal participants in the governmental mammographic screening program were asked about current and previous HT use. Mammograms were classified according to percent and absolute mammographic density. Overall, current users of HT had on average 3.6% higher mean percent mammographic density when compared with never users (p < 0.001). After adjustment for age at screening, number of children and BMI in a multivariate model, women using the continuous estradiol (E 2 ) plus norethisterone acetate (NETA) combination had a mean percent mammographic density significantly higher than never users (6.1% absolute difference). Those using the continuous E 2 plus NETA combination had an 4.8% (absolute difference) higher mean percent mammographic density after <5 years of use when compared with never users, while the corresponding number for 5 years of use was 7% (p-trend < 0.001). We found similar associations when absolute mammographic density was used as the outcome variable. In summary, our study shows a statistical significant positive dose-response association between current use of the continuous E 2 plus NETA combination and both measures of mammographic density. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy; mammography; breast density Current and recent use of postmenopausal combined estrogen and progestin therapy (EPT) have been shown to increase the risk of breast cancer, both in Randomized Controlled Trials and in observational studies.1-3 The dose and type of the progestin constituent of EPT seems to influence risk of postmenopausal breast cancer more than the estrogen constituent.3 The risk estimates for breast cancer with current EPT use found in recent Scandinavian cohort studies were higher than those found in both the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Study and the Million Women Study (MWS).1,2,4,5 This may be attributed to the more potent testosterone-derived norethisterone acetate (NETA) progestin used in EPT's in Scandinavia compared to the less potent medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) progestin used in most other countries. Mammographic density is one of the strongest independent risk factors for breast cancer, and possibly an intermediate marker for breast cancer.6 Percent mammographic density has consistently been shown to be strongly associated with breast cancer risk in different populations, 6 as well as associated with several breast cancer risk factors. [7][8][9][10] There is substantial evidence that hormones are associated with mammographic density, both from cross-sectional and clinical trials.11-...

show abstract

“…An interesting potential explanation is that progestin exposure promotes the progression of pre-existing lesions to invasive cancer, which is in line with Nielsen's findings 6 . Finally, high mammographical breast density, one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer 29,30 was correlated with progestin intake [31][32][33] .…”

Section: At a Glancementioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone signalling in breast cancer: a neglected hormone coming into the limelight

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of tibolone and continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on mammographic breast density

Cited by 165 publications

References 21 publications

Breast cancer with different prognostic characteristics developing in Danish women using hormone replacement therapy

Breast cancer with different prognostic characteristics developing in Danish women using hormone replacement therapy

Different types of postmenopausal hormone therapy and mammographic density in Norwegian women

Progesterone signalling in breast cancer: a neglected hormone coming into the limelight

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About