Effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation for diarrhea and two preventive zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infections in rural Laotian children: A randomized controlled trial

Barffour, Maxwell A.; Hinnouho, Guy‐Marino; Wessells, K. Ryan; Kounnavong, Sengchanh; Ratsavong, Kethmany; Sitthideth, Dalaphone; Bounheuang, Bangone; Sengnam, Khanpaseuth; Chanhthavong, Bigphone; Brown, Kenneth H.; Larson, Charles P.; Hess, Sonja Y.

doi:10.7189/jogh.10.010424

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This impact could be explained by rapid bioavailability of supplemented zinc. The results of this study corroborate with others results which showed that supplementation with zinc alone significantly increases the serum zinc concentration in children [24]. In addition to improving serum zinc status, zinc supplementation could also prevents and reduce morbidity and mortality in young children [25].…”

Section: Impact Of Zinc Supplementationsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The weight and height were measured before and after interventions. We used electronic balance (AEG PW4923, Germany) with a range of 0-150 kg with accuracy of 0.1 g for children 24 to 48 months, and the scale baby weighs (EBSA Kinlee-20, Germany) with a range of 0-20 kg with accuracy of 0.5 g for children under 24 to 6 months. The height was measured with a sliding latch (Kern MSF200, Germany) for children aged 12 to 48 months, or a length board (Kern MSA80, Germany) for children less than 12 month.…”

Section: Anthropometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrition Education of Mothers and Zinc Supplementation among Children in the Rural Community, Cameroon

Nolla

Sop

Mananga

et al. 2021

EJNFS

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Aims: Malnutrition among children, especially stunting is a public health problem in Cameroon. This study assesses the impact of zinc supplementation of children and nutrition education of mothers on the nutritional status of the children in the Bangang rural community. Study Design: This was a descriptive and prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: The study took place in the Bangang community in the Region of West Cameroon, during the period from March to December 2015. Methodology: The children aged 6 to 48 months and mothers aged 20 to 34 years were selected after the baseline survey and enrolled. Dietary surveys were used to evaluate the frequency of foods consumed by 150 children. Zinc supplementation group of children (ZSG, n= 25) received 10 mg of zinc sulfate tablets per day for 14 days and control group (CG, n=25) was formed by children whose mothers received nutrition counseling. The nutrition education sessions organized into 4 modules were conducted quarterly for 9 months on a sample of 100 mothers. After interventions, impact of zinc supplementation and maternal education was assessed by determining height for age and weight for age indices, and biochemistry parameters. Results: The results showed that zincemia of ZSG varied significantly (P = .0001) and not significantly (P = .23) for CG. After nutrition education, dietary diversity was improved; reduction of chronic malnutrition (10.9%) and increasing number of children with good nutritional status (6.6%) were observed. Increased for phosphoremia (3.6 ± 2.4 to 5.7 ± 1.8 mg/dl; P = .001) and albuminemia (34.8 ± 15.5 to 46.9 ± 8.9 g/l; P = .002) were significant which was not the case of calcemia, zincemia, magnesemia and serum iron. Conclusion: This study showed positive impact of zinc supplementation and maternal education on the nutritional status of children.

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Section: Impact Of Zinc Supplementationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Anthropometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Education of Mothers and Zinc Supplementation among Children in the Rural Community, Cameroon

Nolla

Sop

Mananga

et al. 2021

EJNFS

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“…First, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of PZ or TZ supplementation on intestinal inflammation as assessed by fecal MPO, NEO, and CAL, making any comparison with the existing literature difficult. We previously reported that although the provision of PZ increased zinc status and MNP increased both zinc and iron status, 50 the interventions provided failed to improve linear growth, 50 chronic stress as assessed by hair cortisol concentrations, 61 and overall morbidity outcomes, 46 although TZ supplementation did significantly reduce both the incidence and duration of diarrhea episodes in older children. However, this beneficial impact on diarrhea outcomes did not result in lower concentrations of MPO, NEO, and CAL in the TZ group nor did age modify the effect of the intervention on intestinal inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 45 Children in the TZ group consumed an average of seven of 10 prescribed tablets per diarrhea episode, which resulted in an equivalent of ∼0.8 mg zinc/day over the course of the study. 46 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Different Strategies for Delivering Supplemental Zinc on Selected Fecal Markers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction among Young Laotian Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hinnouho

Wessells

Barffour

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of different strategies for delivering supplemental zinc on fecal myeloperoxidase (MPO), neopterin (NEO), and calprotectin (CAL) among young Laotian children. In a double-blind controlled trial, children aged 6–23 months were randomized to receive either daily preventive zinc (PZ) tablets (7 mg/day), daily micronutrient powder (MNP; containing 10 mg zinc and 14 other micronutrients), therapeutic zinc (TZ) supplements for diarrhea treatment (20 mg/day for 10 days), or daily placebo powder and followed for ∼36 weeks. Stool samples were collected at baseline and endline. Fecal MPO, NEO, and CAL concentrations were determined in a randomly selected subsample of 720 children using commercially available ELISA kits. At baseline, the mean age was 14.1 ± 4.9 months and prevalence of stunting was 39%. The endline prevalence of stunting was 43%; there was no overall treatment effect on physical growth in the parent trial. At endline, the mean (95% CI) MPO in the PZ group was 1,590 [1,396; 1,811] ng/mL and did not differ from that in the MNP (1,633 [1,434; 1,859] ng/mL), TZ (1,749 [1,535; 1,992] ng/mL), and control (1,612 [1,415; 1,836] ng/mL) groups ( P = 0.749). Similarly, there was no overall treatment effect on NEO and CAL concentrations ( P = 0.226 and 0.229, respectively). In this population, the provision of PZ or TZ supplements or MNP had no impact on growth or environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) as assessed by fecal MPO, NEO, and CAL. Additional research is needed to better understand the etiology and proposed mechanisms of EED pathogenesis.

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“…While zinc uptake is an essential process for bacterial pathogens to cause disease, this element can also be detrimental to some infections. Since long ago, zinc has been used as treatment and prophylaxis of diarrheal diseases [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. It was originally thought that the beneficial effect of zinc in treating enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)-produced diarrhea was entirely caused by enhancement of the immune response and inhibition of ecto-5’-nucleotidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the 5’-AMP to the secretagogue adenosine [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Prokaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc: Multidimensional Effects on Living Organisms

2021

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Zinc is a redox-inert trace element that is second only to iron in abundance in biological systems. In cells, zinc is typically buffered and bound to metalloproteins, but it may also exist in a labile or chelatable (free ion) form. Zinc plays a critical role in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, ranging from structural to catalytic to replication to demise. This review discusses the influential properties of zinc on various mechanisms of bacterial proliferation and synergistic action as an antimicrobial element. We also touch upon the significance of zinc among eukaryotic cells and how it may modulate their survival and death through its inhibitory or modulatory effect on certain receptors, enzymes, and signaling proteins. A brief discussion on zinc chelators is also presented, and chelating agents may be used with or against zinc to affect therapeutics against human diseases. Overall, the multidimensional effects of zinc in cells attest to the growing number of scientific research that reveal the consequential prominence of this remarkable transition metal in human health and disease.

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Effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation for diarrhea and two preventive zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infections in rural Laotian children: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 18 publications

References 54 publications

Nutrition Education of Mothers and Zinc Supplementation among Children in the Rural Community, Cameroon

Nutrition Education of Mothers and Zinc Supplementation among Children in the Rural Community, Cameroon

Impact of Different Strategies for Delivering Supplemental Zinc on Selected Fecal Markers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction among Young Laotian Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zinc: Multidimensional Effects on Living Organisms

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