Effects of the two types of human cells on outgrowth of human glioma in rats

Abstract

In early cell-therapy studies (in the treatment of cancer), Aboody et al. (2) showed significant migration of neural stem cells (NSCs) towards the tumor area. In line with this, types of stem cells, and especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), that have been evaluated in several tumor models including breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer are used (11,15,23). However, the data are not adequate and some are contradictory to each other.Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) is a neural stem cell type of the glial family like astrocytes and Schwann cells (35). In the recent decade, several reports have provided evidence that █ INTRODuCTION G lioblastoma (GBM) is one of the primary malignant brain tumors that occur most frequently. Nearly, all patients with GBM die within 12-15 months of the initial diagnosis (3,7,25). Therapies are still limited due to the ability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) to prevent the crossing of a broad range of anti-cancer agents (10,19). Therefore, the cure of GBM is a major concern. Accordingly, there is a lot of interest in devising novel approaches, such as stem cell therapy, to treat patients with GBM (10,12).AIm: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the malignant brain tumors that occur most frequently. Despite advances in therapy techniques, the cure of GBM is a major concern. Accordingly, there is a lot of interest in devising novel approaches, such as stem cell therapy, to treat patients with GBM. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human bone marrow stem (BMS) cells as well as human olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) on the outgrowth of U87 glioma in rats. mATERIAl and mEThODS:OECs and BMS cells were obtained from volunteers. After verification of the stem cell type by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry (ICC), cells were labeled and injected into human glioma-bearing rats. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were utilized to assess the properties of the groups. RESulTS:We found extensive migration and homing of the OECs and BMS cells towards the tumor area. H&E and IHC staining indicated that the grafted OECs survived and prevented the development of glioma. BMS cells supported proliferation and new vessel formation, and metastasis in glioma tissue. CONCluSION:OECs and BMS cells can pass the blood brain barrier and reach the glioma mass. Therefore, this approach can be a potentially powerful method for the delivery of therapeutic agents to malignant brain tumors. In addition, these cells may be genetically modified in order to specifically express tumor-suppressive factors.

The inhibitory effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells expressing anti-HAAH scFv-sTRAIL fusion protein on glioma

“…But we did not detect the presence of exogenous hucMSCs in the present study, which is in line with expectations. The main reasons might be as follows: The subjects in the previous studies, in which the MSCs could cross the BBB, always had brain disease, such as glioma ( Pacioni et al, 2017 ; Abdi et al, 2018 ), traumatic brain injury ( Darkazalli et al, 2017 ), ischemic stroke ( Do et al, 2021 ; Yarygin et al, 2021 ) or encephalitis ( Bian et al, 2017 ). In these cases, the BBB was damaged, and lots of inflammatory mediators or chemokines released from inflammatory or tumor lesions in the brain became a decisive factor in promoting the recruitment and migration of therapeutic MSCs through BBB into infarct areas ( Huang et al, 2018 ; Al-Kharboosh et al, 2020 ).…”

The Regression of Glioblastoma Multiforme is Time Dependent in the Wild-type Rat Xenograft Model

“…Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and imunohistochemical (IHC) studies were performed on paraffin-embedded slides as described previously (Abdi, Eskandary, & Nematollahi-Mahani, 2018). For IHC studies, briefly, tissue blocks were cut into 3μm sections by rotary microtome.…”

The Rising Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Various Infectious Complications

“…Several types of stem cells including BM-MSCs and neural stem cells can cross the blood brain barrier and reach not only brain tumors but also ischemic and injured tissues caused by certain infections in the brain and engraft there. Consequently, MSCs can be utilized as means of cellular carriers to deliver therapeutic agents to sites of brain injury in order to exert their therapeutic and tissue regenerative effects in the brain [39][40][41][42][43].…”