Effects of task types and time interval conditions on age‐related decline in verbal working memory

Jo, Eunha; Choi, Sujin; Sung, Jee Eun

doi:10.1111/sjop.12908

Cited by 2 publications

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References 34 publications

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“…The two groups were not significantly different in the level of education ( t = −1.81, p = 0.078). The age ranges for each group were established based on previous research (e.g., Burda et al, 2017 ; Jo et al, 2023 ; Sung et al, 2024 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye-movement reveals word order effects on comparative sentences in older adults using a verb-final language

Hwang,

Lee,

Sung

2024

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine age-related differences in the comprehension of Korean comparative sentences with varying word orders by employing both offline and online measures, and to investigate how variations in word order affect sentence processing across different age groups.MethodsA total of 52 monolingual native Korean speakers, 26 young adults, and 26 older adults, completed a sentence-picture-matching task under two word order conditions: comparative-first and nominative-first. Offline measures included accuracy and response time, while an online method involved eye-tracking within the Visual World Paradigm. Data analyses were performed using linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models.ResultsOlder adults demonstrated lower accuracy and longer response times compared to younger individuals. Distinctive fixation patterns were observed, particularly in the sentential-final phrase, across different age groups. Specifically, nominative-first sentences elicited greater target advantage scores among younger adults, whereas older adults showed higher scores in comparative-first sentences.ConclusionThe study highlights the potential of comparative sentences in elucidating age-related changes in sentence comprehension. These differences were evident not only in offline tasks but also in real-time processing, as evidenced by eye-tracking data. The findings suggest distinct processing strategies employed by young and older adults and underscore the importance of considering both syntactic and semantic cues in sentence comprehension.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye-movement reveals word order effects on comparative sentences in older adults using a verb-final language

Hwang,

Lee,

Sung

2024

Front. Psychol.

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Effects of Time Interval and Interference Manipulations on Word-Level Repetition and Naming Performance in Persons with Aphasia

Choi,

Sung,

Choi

2024

Commun Sci Disord

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Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact on the repetition and naming ability of Korean aphasia patients by controlling their working memory load through time intervals and interference effects using the Temple Assessment of Language and verbal Short-term memory in Aphasia (TALSA) protocol. In addition, we examined the phonological and lexical-meaning processing abilities of persons with aphasia through word repetition tasks, nonword repetition tasks, and picture naming tasks to examine phonological and lexical-meaning production abilities. Methods: Thirteen native Korean speakers with aphasia participated in the study, along with twelve control group participants. The word and nonword repetition tasks were conducted under three conditions to examine the time delay and interference effects. Each condition entailed listening to each ten words of two and three syllables. Similarly, the picture naming tasks were carried out under three conditions involving viewing ten pictures of two and three syllables each. Results: This study examined how the repetition and naming ability of persons with aphasia, i.e., the ability to producing phonemes and lexical-meaning of persons with aphasia, varies when adjusting the working memory load under time interval and interference effect conditions. This study found that the difference in performance between groups was significant for both tasks. In particular, the larger the time interval, the greater the interference effect; that is, the greater the load of working memory, the lower the performance of aphasia subjects compared to the control group. Conclusion: Since the aphasia subjects have poor working memory ability, the results of this study indicate that as the cognitive load increases, they are more affected by the ability to process phonological and semantic activations.

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Effects of task types and time interval conditions on age‐related decline in verbal working memory

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Eye-movement reveals word order effects on comparative sentences in older adults using a verb-final language

Eye-movement reveals word order effects on comparative sentences in older adults using a verb-final language

Effects of Time Interval and Interference Manipulations on Word-Level Repetition and Naming Performance in Persons with Aphasia

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