Effects of Soil Amendments on the Bioavailability of Lead, Zinc, and Cadmium to Earthworms

Pearson, Mark S.; Mäenpää, Kimmo; Pierzynski, Gary M.; Lydy, Michael J.

doi:10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900050031x

Cited by 60 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…El proceso de vermicomposteo se llevó a cabo por triplicado y se utilizaron recipientes de plástico de 20 x 30 x 20 cm (ancho x largo x altura) como tinas de compostaje de acuerdo a lo reportado por Pearson et al (2000).…”

Section: Diseño Del Experimentounclassified

Efectos Del Lodo Residual Y Residuos Orgánicos Vermicoposteados Sobre Indicadores Inorgánicos Y Catalasa

Paulin

Juárez

Fuente

et al. 2016

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Palabras clave: lombriz de tierra, productos agronómicos, vermiestabilización RESUMENEn este trabajo se evaluaron indicadores inorgánicos y actividad enzimática de tres mezclas de vermicomposta hechas con estiércol bovino (EB), residuos domésticos (RD), lodo residual (LR) y suelo (Cambisol), para conocer su madurez. Los tratamientos fueron mezclas de estiércol de vaca y residuo doméstico a una relación 1:1 (T1), 3:1 (T2) y 100 % de estiércol de vaca (T3); además, a todos los tratamientos se les agregaron el equivalente a 40 Mg/ha de LR. Los análisis de laboratorio se hicieron siguiendo las NOM-004 (2002) y 021 (2000) de SEMARNAT. Los resultados antes de hacer el vermicomposteo para RD, EB y LR indican que los metales pesados no rebasaron la norma NOM-004 (2002). La relación C/N fue apropiada y va de acuerdo con lo reportado por Yang et al. (2014). Para los tratamientos, la humedad fue adecuada (menor a 72 %) y el pH presentó un comportamiento ligeramente alcalino (7.93). El C org para T2 y T3 presentaron mayor contenido (12.88 y 12.84 %) respectivamente, con respecto a T1 (8.90 %). El N total varió de 0.73 a 1.03 % siendo el mayor valor para T1. La relación C/N señala la estabilización de los tratamientos de acuerdo a la norma NMX-FF-109-SCFI (2007) siendo para T3 y T2 de 14.14 y 17.48 respectivamente y T1 de 8.78. La catalasa estuvo entre 0.61±0.15 a 0.81± 0.015 μmol H 2 O 2 g -1 h -1 donde la mayor actividad se mostró en T3, con estos datos, se concluye que T1 se considera la mejor opción para uso agronómico.Key words: earthworm, agronomic products, vermistabilization ABSTRACT This study evaluated inorganic indicators and enzymatic activity of three mixtures of vermicompost made with cow manure (EB), domestic waste (RD), sewage sludge (LR) and soil (Cambisol), to know its maturity. Treatments were mixed with, cow manure and domestic waste in a relationship to 1: 1 (T1), 3: 1 (T2) and 100 % of cow manure (T3), in addition all treatments were added the equivalent of 40 Mg/ha of LR. Laboratory analyses were made following the NOM 004 and 021 of SEMARNAT. The results before making vermicomposting for RD, EB and LR indicate that heavy metals did not exceed

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Section: Diseño Del Experimentounclassified

Efectos Del Lodo Residual Y Residuos Orgánicos Vermicoposteados Sobre Indicadores Inorgánicos Y Catalasa

Paulin

Juárez

Fuente

et al. 2016

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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“…From Eqns 1 and 2 it can be seen that the two models had a high coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and a small standard error of the estimate (SE), which means the chemical transformation of Cd in calcareous soil treated with the two P-containing acidify agents was mainly associated with the addition level of P in water-soluble form and not soil pH. However, several studies have reported that water-soluble phosphate compounds can immobilise Cd through various mechanisms, such as surface complexation, ion exchange, precipitation and adsorption (LeviMinzi and Petruzzelli 1984;Pearson et al 2000;McGowen et al 2001;Bolan et al 2003;Thawornchaisit and Polprasert 2009). …”

Section: Chemical Transformation Of CDmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical forms of cadmium in a calcareous soil treated with different levels of phosphorus-containing acidifying agents

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Soil Res.

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Abstract. Calcareous soils with high background cadmium (Cd) levels are widely distributed in south-west China and soil acidity is a major environmental problem. However, little effort has been made to study the changes in chemical speciation as affected by soil acidification other than by acidic rain. In the present study, we investigated the impact of mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) and phosphoric acid on soil pH and chemical transformation of Cd in calcareous soils. Calcareous soils collected from south-west China were treated with three concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mol kg -1 soil) of MAP and phosphoric acid, and without the addition of acidifying agent, before being incubated at 25 AE 28C near field capacity moisture content for 60 days. The chemical forms of Cd in the soils were determined by the Tessier sequential extraction scheme. The concentration of Cd in the form bound to iron and manganese oxides (Cd FeOx+MnOy ) decreased significantly with increasing levels of the two acidifying agents, but the concentration of exchangeable Cd (Cd Ex ) exhibited a significant increase, indicating that the two acidifying agents can effectively promote the transformation of Cd FeOx+MnOy to Cd Ex . MAP may promote the same amount of Cd FeOx+MnOy to Cd Ex as phosphoric acid at the same rate of addition, but the soil pH clearly differed, implying that an increase in water-soluble P with addition of acidifying agent may be one major factor affecting the chemical transformation of Cd. MAP and phosphoric acid should be used carefully as sources of water-soluble phosphorus for calcareous soils with high background concentrations of Cd.

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“…Several laboratory and bench-scale remediation studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the addition of phosphate-based soil amendments in producing highly insoluble lead phosphate minerals such as pyromorphite and hydroxypyromorphite (Berti and Cunningham 1997;Lambert et al 1997;Ma and Rao 1997;Lower et al 1998;Traina and Laperche 1999). When sequestered within these phosphate minerals, lead has been shown to be far less soluble, as indicated by the results of acid leaching tests (Tardy et al 2003), and its bioavailability to soil organisms has been demonstrated to be sharply reduced (Berti and Cunningham 1997;Pearson et al 2000;Traina and Laperche 1999). The USEPA has recognized that bioavailability of lead in contaminated soils varies greatly depending upon its form in the soil, and had suggested that phosphate treatment has potential for in-situ remediation of contaminated soils and sediments (USEPA 2001c).…”

Section: Prefacementioning

confidence: 99%

Amended Ballistic Sand Studies to Provide Low Maintenance Lead Containment at Active Small Arms Firing Range Systems

Larson¹,

Malone²,

Weiss³

et al. 2007

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Live-fire training results in the deposition of heavy metals, such as lead and copper, into berm soils. The metals range in size from whole projectiles to microscopic dust. Surface water runoff and leachate have the potential to transport metals off-site. The Passive Reactive Berm (PRBerm) technology incorporates berm amendments with ballistic sand to immobilize soluble metals (e.g., lead) during the inevitable bullet corrosion process. Treatability studies determined that a sand to amendment ratio of 5 percent (w/w) was sufficient to contain greater than 90 percent of soluble lead within the berm material. Lysimeter studies used regulated artificial rain events to evaluate the metals concentrations, total suspended solids, dissolved organic carbon, and runoff and leachate pH over time for the amended and sand-only (control) berms.The Buffer Block #5 and SulfiTech A/T maintained average leachate lead and copper concentrations below the selected study limit of 0.150 mg/L and 0.500 mg/L, respectively, maintained a pH between 6 and 9, and maintained a dissolved organic carbon level at less than 50 mg/L for the leachate and runoff waters. Lysimeter studies indicate that amendment biological activity and pH affects the use of certain amendments within the PRBerm. The benefits of the PRBerm when compared to the traditional earthen berm, or a fully-contained bullet trap, include reduced metals migration, and reduced construction and operation costs.

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Effects of Soil Amendments on the Bioavailability of Lead, Zinc, and Cadmium to Earthworms

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Efectos Del Lodo Residual Y Residuos Orgánicos Vermicoposteados Sobre Indicadores Inorgánicos Y Catalasa

Efectos Del Lodo Residual Y Residuos Orgánicos Vermicoposteados Sobre Indicadores Inorgánicos Y Catalasa

Chemical forms of cadmium in a calcareous soil treated with different levels of phosphorus-containing acidifying agents

Amended Ballistic Sand Studies to Provide Low Maintenance Lead Containment at Active Small Arms Firing Range Systems

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