Effects of slash-and-burn agriculture and deforestation on climate change

Tinker, P. B.; Ingram, John; Struwe, Sten

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(95)00651-6

Cited by 112 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Nas duas últimas décadas, essa expansão tem recebido grande atenção devido ao seu papel no desflorestamento das regiões tropicais (Skole et al, 1994;Angelsen, 1995;Brady, 1996;Brown e Schreckenberg, 1998), na perda de biodiversidade (de Jong, 1997) e no aquecimento global (Fearnside e Guimarães, 1996;Tinker et al, 1996;Fox et al, 2000). Por outro lado, muitos estudos vêm demonstrando que a interferência humana no processo sucessional da floresta, por meio das atividades agrícolas, acaba funcionando como fonte de variabilidade, mantendo ou mesmo promovendo a biodiversidade regional (Andrade e Rubio-Torgler, 1994;Neves, 1995;Raman et al, 1998;Steinberg, 1998;Moguel e Toledo, 1999;Altieri, 1999;Gupta, 2000).…”

Section: A Agricultura De Corte E Queimaunclassified

A casa e a roça: socioeconomia, demografia e agricultura em populações quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brasil

Júnior

Murrieta

Taqueda

et al. 2008

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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VIIResumo: Este estudo tem como objetivos caracterizar o perfil demográfico e socioeconômico de nove comunidades remanescentes de quilombos no vale do Ribeira, estado de São Paulo, e identificar os principais fatores responsáveis pelas mudanças recentes nos seus padrões de subsistência. Desde a formação das primeiras aglomerações de escravos libertos e foragidos no século XVIII, as relações estabelecidas entre estas populações com as cidades próximas e com o mercado regional têm vivenciado momentos de retração e de expansão, adaptando-se e ajustando-se a novas mudanças políticas e socioeconômicas. Nas últimas cinco décadas, o impacto de fatores externos na aceleração das mudanças nos padrões de subsistência locais parece ter tido um aumento significativo. Os resultados mostram que as restrições impostas pela legislação ambiental, os conflitos de terra, a construção de uma rodovia na região, a crescente inserção no mercado regional e a atuação de órgãos governamentais e não-governamentais de desenvolvimento são os principais fatores responsáveis pelas mudanças observadas no sistema agrícola de corte e queima e, conseqüentemente, na organização socioeconômica destas populações.Palavras-chave: Agricultura de corte e queima. Mudanças socioeconômicas. Uso do solo. Quilombolas. Mata Atlântica. Abstract:This study aims to characterize the socioeconomic and demographic profile of nine Quilombola populations in the Ribeira Valley, State of São Paulo, and to identify the main factors responsible for the recent changes in their subsistence system. Since the first assemblages of runway and abandoned slaves in the 18th. century, the relations established by these populations with nearby towns and regional market have gone through periods of expansion and retraction, adapting and adjusting to new socioeconomic and political changes. In the last five decades, the impact of external factors on the local subsistence patterns appears to have had a significant increase. Our results show that restrictions imposed by environmental laws, conflict over land, the construction of a major road in the region, the growing insertion into a market economy, and the intervention of governmental and non-governmental development agencies are the main factors behind the changes observed in the subsistence system and, consequently, in the socioeconomic organization of these populations.

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Section: A Agricultura De Corte E Queimaunclassified

A casa e a roça: socioeconomia, demografia e agricultura em populações quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brasil

Júnior

Murrieta

Taqueda

et al. 2008

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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“…With decreased soil phosphorus availability, duration of yearly harvests may be reduced and the soil becomes less fertile over time, especially if S & B episodes recur [20]. This translates into inadequate and unstable food supplies, threatening the food security and livelihood of farmers, their families and businesses [11].…”

Section: Food Security Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher soil surface temperatures expedite nitrogen loss into the air as well as biomass decomposition [9]. Higher temperatures and soil acidity increases phosphorus sorption, further exacerbating the limited availability of soil phosphorus and negating subsequent effectiveness of adding more fertilizer to increase phosphorus availability [18][19][20].…”

Section: Soil Erosion and Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-Boundary Haze Pollution in Southeast Asia: Sustainability through Plural Environmental Governance

2016

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Recurrent haze in Southeast Asian countries including Singapore is largely attributable to rampant forest fires in Indonesia due to, for example, extensive slash-and-burn (S & B) culture. Drawing on the "treadmill of production" and environmental governance approach, we examine causes and consequences of this culture. We found that, despite some perceived benefits, its environmental consequences include deforestation, soil erosion and degradation, global warming, threats to biodiversity, and trans-boundary haze pollution, while the societal consequences comprise regional tension, health risks, economic and productivity losses, as well as food insecurity. We propose sustainability through a plural coexistence framework of governance for targeting S & B that incorporates strategies of incentives, education and community resource management.

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“…The fragmentation increases the impact and frequency of fire (Cochrane and Laurance, 2002). Under the process of combustion vast amounts of greenhouse gases are released and enhance the greenhouse effect (Tinker et al, 1996). Shifting cultivation is common practice in tropical countries.…”

Section: Human Activity and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Rainforests at the Beginning of the 21st Century

Mics¹

2013

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract.Rainforests are situated at low latitude where forests enjoy steady and strong radiation. Biodiversity in rainforests has been very high, for historical and climatic reasons. The number of species is very high and tends to increase with precipitation and decrease with seasonality. Disturbance, soil fertility and forest stature also influence the species richness and high turnover of species contribute to diversity. Field observation and studies revealed that large scale deforestation could alter the regional and global climate significantly. Deforestation alters the surface albedo which leads to climate change. Regional land use contributes to climate change through surface-energy budget, as well as the carbon cycle. Forest fragmentation, logging, overhunting, fire and the expanding agriculture threaten the biodiversity. Rainforest covered area has significantly shrunk in the last decades. It is hard to protect the forests because of the growing demand for agricultural area and forest-derived products. Most measures proved ineffective to slow down the destruction. Hence, more forest will be lost in the future. Conservationists should take into consideration the secondary forests because biodiversity can be high enough and it is worth protecting them.

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Effects of slash-and-burn agriculture and deforestation on climate change

Cited by 112 publications

References 22 publications

A casa e a roça: socioeconomia, demografia e agricultura em populações quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brasil

A casa e a roça: socioeconomia, demografia e agricultura em populações quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brasil

Trans-Boundary Haze Pollution in Southeast Asia: Sustainability through Plural Environmental Governance

Rainforests at the Beginning of the 21st Century

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