Effects of short-term in vitro heat stress on bovine preantral follicles

Cardone, Daniela Alejandra; Cáceres, Antonella Rosario Ramona; Sanhueza, M.A.; Bruna, Flavia; Laconi, Myriam Raquel

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105076

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In a more recent in vitro study, it has been shown that the ovarian pool of primordial follicles is highly affected by HS. After exposure of ovarian cortical tissue to 41 • C for only 2 h, the number and the viability of granulosa cells were significantly decreased, mainly due to increased apoptosis [165]. These finding support the notion that the follicular reserve of preantral and early antral follicles are sensitive to HS, and this condition undermines the reproductive performance of cows beyond the period of HS exposure.…”

Section: Follicular Developmentsupporting

confidence: 72%

Heat Stress: A Serious Disruptor of the Reproductive Physiology of Dairy Cows

Dovolou

Giannoulis

Nanas

et al. 2023

Animals

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Global warming is a significant threat to the sustainability and profitability of the dairy sector, not only in tropical or subtropical regions but also in temperate zones where extreme summer temperatures have become a new and challenging reality. Prolonged exposure of dairy cows to high temperatures compromises animal welfare, increases morbidity, and suppresses fertility, resulting in devastating economic losses for farmers. To counteract the deleterious effects of heat stress, cattl e employ various adaptive thermoregulatory mechanisms including molecular, endocrine, physiological, and behavioral responses. These adaptations involve the immediate secretion of heat shock proteins and cortisol, followed by a complex network of disrupted secretion of metabolic and reproductive hormones such as prolactin, ghrelin, ovarian steroid, and pituitary gonadotrophins. While the strategic heat stress mitigation measures can restore milk production through modifications of the microclimate and nutritional interventions, the summer fertility records remain at low levels compared to those of the thermoneutral periods of the year. This is because sustainment of high fertility is a multifaceted process that requires appropriate energy balance, undisrupted mode of various hormones secretion to sustain the maturation and fertilizing competence of the oocyte, the normal development of the early embryo and unhampered maternal—embryo crosstalk. In this review, we summarize the major molecular and endocrine responses to elevated temperatures in dairy cows, as well as the impacts on maturing oocytes and early embryos, and discuss the consequences that heat stress brings about in dairy cattle fertility.

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Section: Follicular Developmentsupporting

confidence: 72%

Heat Stress: A Serious Disruptor of the Reproductive Physiology of Dairy Cows

Dovolou

Giannoulis

Nanas

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…Furthermore, their research indicated that heat stress significantly downregulated the key anti-apoptotic and antioxidant-associated signaling pathways, including the AMP and Nrf2 signaling pathways [ 114 ]. Similarly, another study reported a significant decrease in the number of primordial follicles, an increase in the number of degenerated follicles, and a decrease in granulosa cell proliferation in response to heat stress [ 115 ]. The molecular mechanisms associated with heat-stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis effects on mammalian reproductive cells are summarized in Figure 2 and Table 1 .…”

Section: Impact Of Heat-stress-induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when the cellular environment encounters an elevated presence of ROS, the Keap1-Nrf2 complex undergoes dissociation, leading to the translocation of Nrf2 from the cytoplasm into the cellular nucleus [ 130 , 131 ]. Furthermore, the activated Nrf2 binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) sequence, thereby stimulating the transcription of genes involved in antioxidant defenses and neutralizing ROS-induced damage [ 115 ]. Recent findings indicate that p62 can competitively interact with Keap1 at the Nrf2 binding site, altering the association, releasing ubiquitinated Nrf2, and ultimately activating the Nrf2 antioxidant systems [ 132 , 133 , 134 ].…”

Section: Advancement and Understanding Of Genetic Biomarkers Associat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Genetic Biomarkers and Exogenous Antioxidant Supplementation for Safeguarding Mammalian Cells against Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis

Khan,

Chen

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Heat stress represents a pervasive global concern with far-reaching implications for the reproductive efficiency of both animal and human populations. An extensive body of published research on heat stress effects utilizes controlled experimental environments to expose cells and tissues to heat stress and its disruptive influence on the physiological aspects of reproductive phenotypic traits, encompassing parameters such as sperm quality, sperm motility, viability, and overall competence. Beyond these immediate effects, heat stress has been linked to embryo losses, compromised oocyte development, and even infertility across diverse species. One of the primary mechanisms underlying these adverse reproductive outcomes is the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels precipitating oxidative stress and apoptosis within mammalian reproductive cells. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are recognized as pivotal biological factors through which heat stress exerts its disruptive impact on both male and female reproductive cells. In a concerted effort to mitigate the detrimental consequences of heat stress, supplementation with antioxidants, both in natural and synthetic forms, has been explored as a potential intervention strategy. Furthermore, reproductive cells possess inherent self-protective mechanisms that come into play during episodes of heat stress, aiding in their survival. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted effects of heat stress on reproductive phenotypic traits and elucidates the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning oxidative stress and apoptosis in reproductive cells, which compromise their normal function. Additionally, we provide a succinct overview of potential antioxidant interventions and highlight the genetic biomarkers within reproductive cells that possess self-protective capabilities, collectively offering promising avenues for ameliorating the negative impact of heat stress by restraining apoptosis and oxidative stress.

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