Effects of sewage sludge on immune responses in the dab, Limanda limanda (L.)

Secombes, Christopher J.; Fletcher, Thelma C.; White, Ann; Costello, Mark J.; Stagg, R.; Houlihan, D.F.

doi:10.1016/0166-445x(92)90054-q

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Conversely, a recent study on dab, Limanda limanda L. held on contaminated and reference sediments showed no di#erences in their antibody response to Vibrio anguillarum, although there were di#er-ences in gross pathology and histopathology (Bucke & Dixon, 1992). Likewise, the titres of antibody against Aeromonas salmonicida in dab exposed to sewage sludge were not significantly di#erent from those in control fish, but a significantly greater proportion of the sewage sludge exposed fish had low numbers of antibody secreting cells (Secombes et al, 1992). The observed change in the present study was in the last six months of a three-year exposure period.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Preliminary study of the detection of antibodies to lymphocystis disease virus in flounder,Platichthys flesusL., exposed to contaminated harbour sludge

Dixon

Vethaak²,

Bucke

et al. 1996

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Preliminary study of the detection of antibodies to lymphocystis disease virus in flounder,Platichthys flesusL., exposed to contaminated harbour sludge

Dixon

Vethaak²,

Bucke

et al. 1996

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…Macrophages participate in the elimina tion of apoptotic and necrotic cell remnants (Wyllie, 1981). The observed apoptosis of leucocytes may be associated with the increased susceptibility to diseases of stressed fish (Pickering, 1989;Secombes et al, 1992). In this respect, it is of interest that Glugea infection observed in fish from coastal areas of the North Sea was ascribed to the impact of Rhine water (Vethaak & Van der Meer, 1991).…”

Section: Eucocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular responses in the skin of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Rhine water

Iger¹

1994

Journal of Fish Biology

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Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were exposed to water from the Rhine for 24 days and their skin examined by light and electron microscopy. Relative to control fish mitotic figures were common and seen throughout the epidermis. Pavement cells in fish exposed to Rhine water contained significantly more secretory vesicles than control fish. Necrotic pavement cells were apparent after 24 h, and apoptotic cells from day 4 on. Mucous secretion was intense and the differentiation of mucous cells was stimulated. Some of these cells synthesized mucus of high electron density, probably of a serous composition. Leucocytes invaded the dermis and epidermis, and towards the end of the experiment many apoptotic and necrotic lymphocytes were found. In the dermis fibroblasts were abundant and actively producing collagen. Pigment containing cytoplasmic extensions of melanocytes penetrated into the epidermis. After 14 and 24 days of exposure many pigment cells, melanocytes, iridocytes and xanthocytes became apoptotic. Most of these changes are known from fish exposed to heavy metals, acid water or other stressful treatments, indicating that exposure to Rhine water is a stressful experience for trout.

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“…Results were expressed as/tg lysozyme per ml serum or per mg protein, using hen egg white lysozyme as a standard. Antiprotease activity was determined by the inhibition of a known amount of trypsin, as described by Secombes et al, (1992). Results were expressed as units trypsin inhibited per/A serum or per mg protein.…”

Section: Serum Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kidney leucocyte suspensions were prepared according to Secombes et al (1992) and were used to assay for phagocytic activity, respiratory burst activity and bactericidal activity. Phagocytic activity was determined as described by Secombes et al (1992) for dab, with the exception that the formalin-killed bacteria (Aeromonas salmonicida strain MT004) were opsonized with 5% foetal calf serum (FCS, Gibco) plus 2% plaice serum for 30 min prior to the assay and that phagocytosis was allowed to proceed for 5 h at room temperature.…”

Section: Kidney Leucocyte Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In controlled laboratory experiments, recent studies have shown that the immune system of the fish is modulated by exposure to sewage sludge, using exposure times of approximately 3 months (Secombes et al, 1991(Secombes et al, , 1992 and that such fish have an increased disease susceptibility (Bucher and Hofer, 1993). Whilst such data indicate that exposure to the particular conditions employed can influence fish health, it is clearly difficult to extrapolate them to the environmental situation, where fish may not be exposed to a constant contaminant dose and the length of exposure may vary enormously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immune parameters of plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, L. along a sewage sludge gradient in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland

et al. 1995

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: Plaice were caught at five stations varying in distance from the sewage sludge dumping site at Garroch Head, in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland and a number of physical and immunological parameters monitored. Significant intergroup differences were apparent in condition factor, hepatosomatic index, serum protein concentration, serum lysozyme, serum immunoglobulin (Ig), liver vitamin E, kidney leucocyte respiratory burst activity and kidney leucocyte bactericidal activity. Of these parameters, the hepatosomatic index, serum lysozyme, serum Ig and kidney leucocyte bactericidal activity showed a negative correlation with distance from the dump site (that is, were highest at the dump site); serum protein and liver vitamin E showed a positive correlation. Factors found not to vary between the groups included the spleen index, serum antiprotease activity and kidney leucocyte phagocytic activity. These findings are discussed in relation to recent experimental data on the effects of sewage sludge exposure on the immune system of fish.

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Effects of sewage sludge on immune responses in the dab, Limanda limanda (L.)

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Preliminary study of the detection of antibodies to lymphocystis disease virus in flounder,Platichthys flesusL., exposed to contaminated harbour sludge

Preliminary study of the detection of antibodies to lymphocystis disease virus in flounder,Platichthys flesusL., exposed to contaminated harbour sludge

Cellular responses in the skin of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Rhine water

Immune parameters of plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, L. along a sewage sludge gradient in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland

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