Effects of self-relevant cues and cue valence on autobiographical memory specificity in dysphoria

Matsumoto, Noboru; Mochizuki, Seibu

doi:10.1080/02699931.2015.1129312

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For example, no differences in memory specificity were observed in depressed individuals when using pictorial or verbal cues (Ridout, Dritschel, Matthews, & O'Carroll, 2016). Another study recently found that the interaction between self-relevance, valence, and depression scores accounted for differential performance between dysphoric and non-dysphoric participants on the AMT (Matsumoto & Mochizuki, 2016). Taken together, it is clear that the cueing of AMs can impact performance, although much remains to be learned about the many nuances that might contribute to OGM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of metamemory in autobiographical memory performance in dysphoric individuals

King¹

2021

Preprint

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Autobiographical memory (AM) performance in individuals with depressive symptoms has repeatedly been shown to be overgeneral (OGM) in nature, and characterized by summaries of repeated events or long periods of time rather than a single event tied to a unique spatial and temporal context. The present body of work was designed to address the metamnemonic aspects of AM performance in dysphoric individuals, with the underlying motivation being that OGM may not be a unique phenomenon specific to depression or AM, and that it may reflect a more general pattern of memory impairment. The studies presented herein examine various aspects of metamemory and other memory processes that may offer a parsimonious account of OGM as poor event memory in general, rather than a specific standalone finding. In Study 1 several metamnemonic processes were investigated using a quantity-accuracy profile approach. Here, the results showed that performance between dysphoric and non-dysphoric participants was nearly indistinguishable on measures of calibration, resolution, grain-size setting, and criterion setting, suggesting that these aspects of metamemory are intact in dysphoria for immediately tested material. Study 2 examined whether it is possible to “create” OGMs by employing a delay manipulation for both autobiographical (3 day delay) and laboratory-based events (7 day delay). Indeed, the results from this study showed that the performance on both tasks declines for both groups, but that this effect was of a greater magnitude in the dysphoric group. Critically, no differences emerged for immediately tested information. Finally, Study 3 examined the role of working memory and memory search strategies in the recollection of autobiographically relevant information. The results from Study 3 showed that dysphoric individuals may engage in a less organized search strategy than non-dysphoric participants as exhibited by a tendency to switch set in the midst of thematically related information. Taken as a whole, these data indicate that OGM may be attributable to deficits in memory search strategies in conjunction with memories that may be more prone to decay and/or forgetting, suggesting that OGM may not be a depression-specific phenomenon, but rather the downstream deficit of degraded memory representation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of metamemory in autobiographical memory performance in dysphoric individuals

King¹

2021

Preprint

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“…The AMT optional instructions (Matsumoto & Mochizuki, ; adapted from Williams & Broadbent, ) represent an experimental task to detect and measure individual differences of memory specificity in non‐clinical populations. The original version of the AMT (Williams & Broadbent, ) emphasized participants' recall of a specific memory.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, based on previous trauma film studies, participants completed questionnaires to assess depressive symptoms and emotional arousal, before and after watching the film. To measure OGM, we applied the AMT with optional instructions (Matsumoto & Mochizuki, ). These instructions are suitable for detecting OGM in non‐clinical participants compared with the traditional AMT instructions (Williams & Broadbent, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Overgeneralized Autobiographical Memory Facilitate or Inhibit Intrusive Images? Its Relation to Depressive Symptoms

Matsumoto

Sensui

Mochizuki

2017

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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People with high levels of depressive symptoms experience overgeneralized autobiographical memory (OGM) in voluntary recall and intrusive images in involuntary recall. The present study examined the relationship between OGM and intrusive images and the influence of depressive symptoms on this relationship over 1 week. Fifty-three students completed selfreport questionnaires, autobiographical memory test, and the trauma film paradigm. Subsequently, they reported intrusive images from the trauma film in a diary for 1 week. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that individuals with higher levels of depressive symptoms experienced more intrusive images than did individuals with low depressive symptoms. An interaction effect between negative memory specificity and depressive symptoms revealed that number of intrusive images was related to high negative memory specificity (i.e. low OGM) in individuals with higher levels of depressive symptoms. These results support the functional avoidance strategy of OGM in analogue trauma stimuli, especially in individuals with higher depressive symptoms.

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“…Dysphoria is defined by the presence of depressive symptoms that do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria of a major depressive episode (MDE) but may cause personal suffering in daily life and increased risk for a MDE. Like MDE patients, individuals with dysphoria showed cognitive impairment, especially regarding attention, executive functions, and memory ( 1 – 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind-Wandering Changes in Dysphoria

et al. 2020

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Changes in mind-wandering (MW) and involuntary autobiographical memory (IAM) in dysphoria have been explored with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to evaluate both MW and IAM in a group of 23 stable dysphoric participants compared to 37 controls and to compare their thoughts characteristics (i.e., specificity, visual perspective, time orientation, and emotional valence). To make this study comparable with previous research, we used two different monotonous vigilance tasks (with and without verbal interference stimuli). Our results showed a significantly greater focus on MW thoughts in dysphoria. The characteristics of spontaneous thoughts content did not differ significantly between our dysphoric participants and controls, which is not in favor of strong emotional dysfunction. Our results suggest a difficulty to regulate the occurrence of self-generated thoughts rather than their content, that may confer to dysphoric subjects increased cognitive risk to develop a major depressive episode.

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Effects of self-relevant cues and cue valence on autobiographical memory specificity in dysphoria

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

The role of metamemory in autobiographical memory performance in dysphoric individuals

The role of metamemory in autobiographical memory performance in dysphoric individuals

Does Overgeneralized Autobiographical Memory Facilitate or Inhibit Intrusive Images? Its Relation to Depressive Symptoms

Mind-Wandering Changes in Dysphoria

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