Effects of Reserpine and Chlorpromazine in Prevention of Cerebral Edema and Reversible Cell Damage.

Bulle, Peter H.

doi:10.3181/00379727-94-23010

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…8 ' Kimishima, et al 88 found a lowered seizure threshold in rabbits after cisternal NE injection. The alterations in EEG and cortical evoked potentials during NE perfusions provide further evidence that exogenous NE in the cortical extracellular space can disrupt neuronal function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cortical injury without ischemia produced by topical monoamines.

Stein¹,

Cracco²

1982

Stroke

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Responses to monoamines perfused over the cortical surface through modified pial windows were monitored in 106 cats. Norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) were diluted in mock CSF to concentrations of 50 and 500 ng/ml respectively, levels at or near the maximum concentrations to which the cortical surface might be exposed in subarachnoid hemorrhage or damage to nearby neurons. Each cat had simultaneous one-hour perfusions of monoamine solution over one hemisphere and a control solution over the other hemisphere thus serving as its own control.The perfusion solutions were observed to be restricted to the area of the pial window, and minimal histological damage was seen with the perfusion technique. The 5-HT perfusions were associated with an almost 20% narrowing of small pial arteries and arterioles but no significant effect on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), cortical water content or cortical function as monitored by EEG and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP). In contrast, NE caused cortical edema and changes in the EEG and SEP's without significant vascular effect. These results suggest a non-ischemic toxicity of NE released by subarachnoid hemorrhage or cerebral damage.Stroke, Vol 13, No 1,1982 THERE has been considerable interest in recent years in the roles of two monoamines, norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), in normal and pathological cerebral events. Both are present in the brain at concentrations adequate for physiological function and are widely considered to act as neurotransmitters. 15 Fluorescent histochemical techniques have demonstrated NE and 5-HT in axon terminals of the cerebral cortex, to which they project from brainstem neurons. 610Some investigators have assigned a physiological role in cerebral blood flow (CBF) control to NE 11,12 and 5-HT, 13 and this concept has been supported by observed effects of both agents on pial vessel diameter. 1417 It has been suggested that these monoamines, released by subarachnoid hemorrhage, are responsible for arterial spasm, diminished CBF, and impaired neurological function. 1820 Disturbances in concentration and metabolism of these monoamines in the cerebral cortex and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been found not only in subarachnoid hemorrhage 21 " 23 but also in cerebral anoxia 2427 and in head trauma.28 " 31 It has been suggested that the release or redistribution of cortical NE and 5-HT are involved in the enlargement of ischemic and traumatic lesions.22,32 " S4Attempts to study the effects of exogenous monoamines on the brain have been hampered by cerebral inaccessibility. Given parenterally, NE and 5-HT cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poorly or not at all. 35" 41 The value of monoamine injections and infusions into the ventricles and subarachnoid cisterns is limited by their rapid clearance with CSF flow 4244 and by the inability to control their distribution or to identify their sites of action. 48 51 may be complicated by blood pressure changes or the presence of other subst...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cortical injury without ischemia produced by topical monoamines.

Stein¹,

Cracco²

1982

Stroke

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Until the present investigation, the possible relationship of 5-HT to the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease has been largely concerned with the occurrence of vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage and of vascular changes associated with cerebral trauma (Echlin, 1965;Brawley, Strandness, and Kelly, 1968;Simeone, Ryan, and Cotter, 1968;Arutiunov, Baron, and Majorova, 1970;Wilkins and Odom, 1970). In addition to its vasoconstrictor action, 5-HT depresses the reticular formation, cardiorespiratory centres and the cerebral cortex, and causes cerebral oedema (Marrazzi and Hart, 1955;Gaddum and Vogt, 1956;Bulle, 1957;Costa and Rinaldi, 1958;Monnier, 1960; 1 Supported by Grant No. NS 09287-01 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrovascular response to intracarotid injection of serotonin before and after middle cerebral artery occlusion

Welch

Hashi

Meyer

1973

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe effect of intracarotid injection of serotonin (5-HT) on internal carotid artery flow and oxygen availability (02a) of the cerebral cortex was studied in 10 baboons. Vasoconstriction occurred in the vascular bed of the territory supplied by the injected artery. After one middle cerebral artery was occluded the vasoconstrictor effect of 5-HT was more pronounced, particularly in the non-ischaemic hemisphere. The capacity of the cerebral vessels to provide collateral blood flow was reduced in both ischaemic and non-ischaemic areas of brain. As a result of focal cerebral ischaemia, 5-HT may accumulate in the brain and contribute to the progression of infarction.

show abstract

“…Opposite effects were seen with high doses. Pharmacological evidence has been presented to support the thesis that these effects are directly neuronal (14).…”

Section: Effects Of 5-ht On Muscular and Nervous Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serotonin in Relation to Brain Function: I. The Pharmacology of Serotonin (5-HT) (A Survey).

Twarog¹

1958

Chemical Concepts of Psychosis: Proceedings of the Symposium on Chemical Concepts of Psychosis Held at the Second International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of Reserpine and Chlorpromazine in Prevention of Cerebral Edema and Reversible Cell Damage.

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Cortical injury without ischemia produced by topical monoamines.

Cortical injury without ischemia produced by topical monoamines.

Cerebrovascular response to intracarotid injection of serotonin before and after middle cerebral artery occlusion

Serotonin in Relation to Brain Function: I. The Pharmacology of Serotonin (5-HT) (A Survey).

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About