Effects of replacing maize offal with high levels of yam peels on the performance and nutrient digestibility of red Sokoto bucks

Kume, B. A.; Ayoade, J. A.; Oloche, J.

doi:10.1007/s11250-018-1704-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Dioscorea polystachya in China are mainly consumed in the forms of raw vegetable, soup, or powder and are also peeled, sliced, and sun/air‐dried as raw herbal medicines [6] . As a result, the tuber cortexes of Dioscorea polystachya is a source of agricultural waste [13] . Several studies have focused on the differences in the chemical compounds in tuber flesh and tuber cortex of Dioscorea polystachya .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ‐ and Age‐Specific Differences ofDioscorea polystachyaCompounds Measured by UPLC‐QTOF/MS

Guo

et al. 2021

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Dioscorea polystachya, named Chinese yam, is widely cultivated as a functional food and natural medicine in China. There is currently little information about the chemical characteristics of Dioscorea polystachya in different organs (tuber cortex and tuber flesh) and at various ages. In this study, an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐QTOF/MS) was used to profile chemical compounds in Dioscorea polystachya. As a result, thirty‐eight compounds were detected in yam tuber cortex and tuber flesh. More compounds were detected in yam tuber cortex than in tuber flesh. Compounds such as dehydroepiandrosterone, allantoin and flavonoids were selected as biomarker candidates. Dehydroepiandrosterone was found more abundant in tuber flesh, while allantoin and flavonoids showed higher levels in tuber cortex. Furthermore, the levels of dioscin, malvalic acid and sucrose differed significantly among age groups and were highest in the tubers at 2 years. While the levels of allantoin, adenosine and glutamine increased with the growing years and were highest at 4 years. Thus, 2‐year old Dioscorea polystachya tubers could be harvested to prepare dioscin, malvalic acid and sucrose supplements. The 4‐year‐old Dioscorea polystachya tubers would be the best choice for obtaining a large amount of allantoin and adenosine in industrial production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ‐ and Age‐Specific Differences ofDioscorea polystachyaCompounds Measured by UPLC‐QTOF/MS

Guo

et al. 2021

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Water intake and ingestive behavior of sheep fed diets based on silages of cactus pear and tropical forages

Silva

Araújo

Santos

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The objective was to evaluate the water intake and ingestive behavior of sheep fed diets containing silages of cactus pear combined with tropical forages. Forty sheep without defined breed, intact, with initial average weight of 22.65 ± 1.01 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 8 replications. The experimental diets consisted of cactus pear silage (CPS), cactus pear + buffel grass silage (CPBS), cactus pear + gliricidia silage (CPGS), cactus pear + pornunça silage (CPPS), and corn silage (CS). CPGS provided higher water intake via food, total water intake, metabolic water, and excretion via feces and urine (P < 0.05). Animals that received diets containing CS showed higher water intake via drinking fountain, less efficient feeding and rumination of dry matter, less efficient rumination of neutral detergent fiber, grams of dry matter per cud, grams of neutral detergent fiber per cud, and the shortest average time spent in chewing per cud (P < 0.05). CPGS, CPPS, and CS provided longer times for rumination and numbers of cuds per day (P < 0.05). CPS showed animals spending more time in idleness, lower quantity of cuds per minute, higher concentration of crystals in urine, with a higher frequency of ammonia-magnesium phosphate and calcium oxalate. Silages based on cactus pear are an alternative to the supply of water via food for sheep in semi-arid.

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Development of optimal steam explosion pretreatment and highly effective cell factory for bioconversion of grain vinegar residue to butanol

Xia¹,

Peng²,

Xue³

et al. 2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background: The industrial vinegar residue (VR) from solid-state fermentation, mainly cereals and their bran, will be a potential feedstock for future biofuels because of their low cost and easy availability. However, utilization of VR for butanol production has not been as much optimized as other sources of lignocellulose, which mainly stem from two key elements: (i) high biomass recalcitrance to enzymatic sugar release; (ii) lacking of suitable industrial biobutanol production strain. Though steam explosion has been proved effective for bio-refinery, few studies report SE for VR pretreatment. Much of the relevant knowledge remains unknown. Meanwhile, recent efforts on rational metabolic engineering approaches to increase butanol production in Clostridium strain are quite limited. In this study, we assessed the impact of SE pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics, overall sugar recovery and applied atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutant method for the Clostridium strain development to solve the long-standing problem. Results: SE pretreatment was first performed. At the optimal condition, 29.47% of glucan, 71.62% of xylan and 22.21% of arabinan were depolymerized and obtained in the water extraction. In the sequential enzymatic hydrolysis process, enzymatic hydrolysis rate was increased by 13-fold compared to the VR without pretreatment and 19.60 g glucose, 15.21 g xylose and 5.63 g arabinose can be obtained after the two-step treatment from 100 g VR. Porous properties analysis indicated that steam explosion can effectively generate holes with diameter within 10-20 nm. Statistical analysis proved that enzymatic hydrolysis rate of VR followed the Pseudop-second-order kinetics equation and the relationship between SE severity and enzymatic hydrolysis rate can be well revealed by Boltzmann model. Finally, a superior inhibitortolerant strain, Clostridium acetobutylicum Tust-001, was generated with ARTP treatment. The water extraction and enzymolysis liquid gathered were successfully fermented, resulting in butanol titer of 7.98 g/L and 12.59 g/L of ABE. Conclusions: SE proved to be quite effective for VR due to high fermentable sugar recovery and enzymatic hydrolysate fermentability. Inverse strategy employing ARTP and repetitive domestication for strain breeding is quite feasible, providing us with a new tool for solving the problem in the biofuel fields.

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Effects of replacing maize offal with high levels of yam peels on the performance and nutrient digestibility of red Sokoto bucks

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Organ‐ and Age‐Specific Differences ofDioscorea polystachyaCompounds Measured by UPLC‐QTOF/MS

Organ‐ and Age‐Specific Differences ofDioscorea polystachyaCompounds Measured by UPLC‐QTOF/MS

Water intake and ingestive behavior of sheep fed diets based on silages of cactus pear and tropical forages

Development of optimal steam explosion pretreatment and highly effective cell factory for bioconversion of grain vinegar residue to butanol

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