Effects of Pruning in Monterrey Pine Plantations Affected by Fusarium circinatum.

Bezos, Diana; Lomba, J. M.; Martínez‐Álvarez, Pablo; Fernández, Mercedes

doi:10.5424/fs/2012213-02262

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…For other pathogens, results of pruning have not been so positive. Pruning increased F. circinatum canker symptoms in P. radiata plantations in Cantabria, Spain, which was attributed to the role of pruning wounds in permitting the pathogen to infect the tree (Bezos et al, 2012). Pruning increased D. pinea infection in P. radiata trees in New Zealand that were experimentally inoculated, with a large increase in infection rates with intensity of pruning (percentage of crown removed; Chou and MacKenzie, 1988).…”

Section: Pruning and Coppicingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

Roberts

Gilligan

Kleczkowski

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Invasive pathogens threaten the ability of forests globally to produce a range of valuable ecosystem services over time. However, the ability to detect such pathogen invasions-and thus to produce appropriate and timely management responses-is relatively low. We argue that a promising approach is to plan and manage forests in a way that increases their resilience to invasive pathogens not yet present or ubiquitous in the forest. This paper is based on a systematic search and critical review of empirical evidence of the effect of a wide range of forest management options on the primary and secondary infection rates of forest pathogens, and on subsequent forest recovery. Our goals are to inform forest management decision making to increase forest resilience, and to identify the most important evidence gaps for future research. The management options for which there is the strongest evidence that they increase forest resilience to pathogens are: reduced forest connectivity, removal or treatment of inoculum sources such as cut stumps, reduced tree density, removal of diseased trees and increased tree species diversity. In all cases the effect of these options on infection dynamics differs greatly amongst tree and pathogen species and between forest environments. However, the lack of consistent effects of silvicultural systems or of thinning, pruning or coppicing treatments is notable. There is also a lack of evidence of how the effects of treatments are influenced by the scale at which they are applied, e.g., the mixture of tree species. An overall conclusion is that forest managers often need to trade-off increased resilience to tree pathogens against other benefits obtained from forests.

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Section: Pruning and Coppicingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

Roberts

Gilligan

Kleczkowski

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…Disease severity is greater in coastal than inland locations in the US, and has been ascribed, among other factors, to longer periods of free moisture on host surfaces owing to frequent intervals of fog in the coastal zone [66]. A similar coastal effect was described also in Northern Spain [67,68] and confirmed by a species distribution model developed for PPC in Spain [69][70][71]. According to this model, only distance to the coast, precipitation, and temperature were significant variables explaining the PPC dispersal.…”

Section: Biology and Ecology Of The Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Gordon et al [129] recommended carrying out pruning operations during cool and dry periods to minimize the risk of infection. Bezos et al [67] found more dead trees in unpruned plots than in pruned ones, which was related to the decrease of the quantity of inoculum in the air and surrounding trees due to pruning and wood removal.…”

Section: Other Pathways Of Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have indicated that pruning wounds are potential infection sites, whereas infections frequencies declined as wounds aged [11,67]. Gordon et al [129] recommended carrying out pruning operations during cool and dry periods to minimize the risk of infection.…”

Section: Other Pathways Of Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removal of branch tip cankers caused by F. circinatum has not been shown to be effective at eliminating or slowing the progress of the disease [129,183]. In addition, as noted above wounds favor infections the pathogen [67], making this cultural practice together with pruning not recommended. If pruning is necessary, sterilization of tools by disinfectants with 70% ethanol should be carried out before and after the activity to avoid contamination, even within the same tree.…”

Section: Preventive Silvicultural Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures

Zamora-Ballesteros

Martín‐García

Witzell

et al. 2019

Forests

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Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’ Donnell) is the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC) disease, one of the most devastating forest diseases worldwide. Long-distance spread occurs mainly through the movement of infected seeds whereas at regional level, the movement of seedlings, substrates, or containers may play an important role in fungal dispersal. Invasion of nurseries takes place via infected seeds and further spread can occur by planting contaminated seedlings, especially due to the possibility of infected plants remaining symptomless. Once established, F. circinatum spreads by rain, wind, and insects. The natural spread of the pathogen is limited due to the short dispersal distances of the spores and the fairly short flight distances of disseminating insects. In this review, we summarize the currently known dispersal pathways of the pathogen, discussing both natural and human-assisted processes. With the purpose of understanding how to best intervene in the disease’s development in nurseries and forests, we outline the epidemiology of the pathogen describing the key factors influencing its spread. Preventive measures to control the spread of F. circinatum locally and globally are described with special emphasis on the challenges in implementing them.

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Fusarium circinatum isolates from northern Spain are commonly infected by three distinct mitoviruses

et al. 2015

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Pitch canker is a serious disease of pines caused by the ascomycete fungus Gibberella circinata (anamorph = Fusarium circinatum). Three distinct mitovirus strains have been described in this fungus: Fusarium circinatum mitovirus 1 (FcMV1), FcMV2-1 and FcMV2-2. Here, we investigated the frequency and population variation of these viruses and closely related sequence variants in northern Spain using RT-PCR and sequencing. Each virus strain and similar sequence variants shared >95 % sequence identity and were collectively designated as virus types. All virus types were relatively common in Spain, with estimated prevalence of 18.5 %, 8.9 % and 16.3 % for FcMV1, FcMV2-1 and FcMV2-2, respectively.

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Effects of Pruning in Monterrey Pine Plantations Affected by Fusarium circinatum.

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures

Fusarium circinatum isolates from northern Spain are commonly infected by three distinct mitoviruses

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