Effects of protoscoleces and AgB from Echinococcus granulosus on human neutrophils: possible implications on the parasite’s immune evasion mechanisms

Virginio, Veridiana Gomes; Taroco, Lorena; Ramos, A.; Ferreira, Ana Maria da Costa; Zaha, Arnaldo; Ferreira, Henrique Bunselmeyer; Hernández, Ana

doi:10.1007/s00436-006-0366-x

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…First, distinct studies showed that the 12 kDa subunit of AgB is a serine protease inhibitor with strong chemoattractant activity and with the ability to inhibit human neutrophil chemotaxis without altering either random migration or oxidative metabolism [41,42]. In agreement with the negative immunomodulatory role suggested for AgB on human neutrophils, when accidentally released hydatid fluid activates neutrophils, AgB could act as an interference antigen allowing the released protoscoleces to develop into secondary cysts [43].…”

Section: Immunomodulating Molecules: Role Of Antigen B and Of Other Nmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cystic Echinococcosis: Aspects of Immune Response, Immunopathogenesis and Immune Evasion from the Human Host

Siracusano¹,

Delunardo²,

Teggi³

et al. 2012

EMIDDT

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected infectious disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. It constitutes a major public health problem in developing countries. During CE, the distinguishing feature of the host-parasite relationship is that chronic infection coexists with detectable humoral and cellular responses against the parasite. In order to establish successfully an infection, E. granulosus releases molecules that directly modulate the host immune responses favoring a strong anti-inflammatory response and perpetuating parasite survival in the host. In vitro and in vivo immunological approaches, together with molecular biology and immunoproteomic technologies provided us exciting insights into the mechanisms involved in the initiation of E. granulosus infection and the consequent induction and regulation of the immune response. Here, we review some of the recent developments and discuss how these observations helped to understand the immunology of E. granulosus infection in man. Although the last decade has clarified many aspects of host-relationship in human CE, establishing the full mechanisms that cause the disease require more studies. We need to define more clearly the events that manipulate the host immune response to protect the E. granulosus from elimination and minimizing severe pathology in the host.

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Section: Immunomodulating Molecules: Role Of Antigen B and Of Other Nmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cystic Echinococcosis: Aspects of Immune Response, Immunopathogenesis and Immune Evasion from the Human Host

Siracusano¹,

Delunardo²,

Teggi³

et al. 2012

EMIDDT

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show abstract

“…In agreement with the negative immunomodulatory role suggested for AgB on human neutrophils, when accidentally released hydatid fluid activates neutrophils, AgB could act as an interference antigen allowing the released protoscoleces to develop into secondary cysts [96]. We investigated the role of AgB in acquired immunity by evaluating AgB-driven Th1 and Th2 cytokine production by PBMC from patients with CE [95–97].…”

Section: E Granulosus and Immune-modulating Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Parasite Relationship in Cystic Echinococcosis: An Evolving Story

Siracusano

Delunardo

Teggi

et al. 2012

Clinical and Developmental Immunology

119

101

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The larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis, a neglected infectious disease that constitutes a major public health problem in developing countries. Despite being under constant barrage by the immune system, E. granulosus modulates antiparasite immune responses and persists in the human hosts with detectable humoral and cellular responses against the parasite. In vitro and in vivo immunological approaches, together with molecular biology and immunoproteomic technologies, provided us exciting insights into the mechanisms involved in the initiation of E. granulosus infection and the consequent induction and regulation of the immune response. Although the last decade has clarified many aspects of host-parasite relationship in human cystic echinococcosis, establishing the full mechanisms that cause the disease requires more studies. Here, we review some of the recent developments and discuss new avenues in this evolving story of E. granulosus infection in man.

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“…It has a molecular size of circa 8 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (Lightowlers et al, 1989;Shepherd and McManus, 1987) under reduced conditions. The function of AgB in the parasite's biology is not completely elucidated, but several studies have shown that the molecule may be involved in the modulation of the host immune response; for instance, as a protease inhibitor that inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis (Shepherd et al, 1991;Virginio et al, 2007), promoting a non-protective Th2 response by interfering with monocyte differentiation, and by modulating DC maturation (Kanan and Chain, 2006;Rigano et al, 2007). One study has suggested that AgB could be involved in the processes of lipid uptake or detoxification (Chemale et al, 2005).…”

Section: E Granulosus Antigen Bmentioning

confidence: 99%