Effects of proton pump inhibitor use on the esophageal microbial community

Tasnim, Sadia; Miller, Aaron L.; Jupiter, Daniel C.; Hamilton, Catherine; Reep, Gabriel; Krill, Timothy; Pyles, Richard B.; Okereke, Ikenna

doi:10.1186/s12876-020-01460-3

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Gastrointestinal involvement was common (76%) in our cohort. There are case reports of MIS-C patients presenting with pain abdomen and diarrhoea, and then developing Kawasaki-like features including mucositis, and coronary artery dilatation [ 16 ]. Some patients have been admitted with a suspicion of appendicitis [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-term outcomes in children recovered from multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection

et al. 2021

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Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 is a recently recognised potentially life-threatening entity. There is limited data on post-MIS-C sequelae. 21 children fulfilling the WHO criteria for MIS-C were included in our study. Data were collected at baseline and at 12-16 weeks post-discharge to look for any persistent sequelae mainly relating to the lungs or heart including coronary arteries. Fever was the most common presentation, found in 18 (85.7%) patients. All had a marked hyper-inflammatory state. Low ejection fraction (EF) was found in 10 (47.6%), but none had any coronary artery abnormality. All received corticosteroids, while 7 (33.3%) children required additional treatment with intravenous Immunoglobulins. 20 children improved while 1 left against medical advice. At discharge, 3 children had impaired left ventricular function. At median 15 weeks' follow-up, no persistent complications were found. EF had returned to normal and no coronary artery abnormalities were found during repeat echocardiography. Chest radiographs showed no fibrosis and all biochemical parameters had normalized. The children with MIS-C are extremely sick during the acute stage. Timely and adequate management led to full recovery without any sequelae at a median follow-up of 15 weeks. Keywords Follow-up • MIS-C • Multi-inflammatory syndrome • Outcomes • Paediatric COVID-19 Abbreviations MIS-C Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children EF Ejection fraction KD Kawasaki disease PAI-1 Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 CRP C-reactive protein LDH Lactate dehydrogenase LMWH Low molecular weight heparin Rheumatology INTERNATIONAL

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent Indian study of 32 patients, ventricular dysfunction was found in 13 patients; 11 had normal EF at 2 weeks follow up while rest 2 were also normal by 6 weeks [ 16 ]. Persistent abnormalities in strain and diastolic function in patients with MIS-C with normal EF have also been reported [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term outcomes in children recovered from multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection

et al. 2021

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“…Another study found that there was no effect of PPI use on alpha and beta diversity of the esophageal microbiome in GERD and BE patients, but PPI use was associated with an increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria [ 160 ]. Tasnim et al used a custom quantitative PCR array to measure select microorganisms in biopsies from the distal esophagus to examine the effect of PPI use on the esophageal microbiome in 58 GERD patients (including 26 with BE), among which 52 were PPI users and 6 were nonusers [ 164 ]. The authors found that PPI users had significantly higher levels of Actinomyces ( p < 0.01) compared with nonusers, but there was no difference in the other organisms that were measured.…”

Section: Esophageal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and Cancers of the Esophagus: A Review

2021

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Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignant disease ranking amongst the leading causes of cancer deaths in the world. The two main histologic subtypes, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), have distinct geographic and temporal patterns and risk factor profiles. Despite decades of research, the factors underlying these geo-temporal patterns are still not fully understood. The human microbiome has recently been implicated in various health conditions and disease, and it is possible that the microbiome may play an important role in the etiology of EC. Although studies of the microbiome and EC are still in their early stages, we review our current understanding of the potential links between ESCC, EAC, and bacterial communities in the oral cavity and esophagus. We also provide a summary of the epidemiology of EC and highlight some key challenges and future directions.

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“…However, the majority of patients in our study did use proton pump inhibitors. Additionally, a recent study by our investigative team showed that there were no differences in the esophageal microbiome in patients who did and did not use proton pump inhibitor medications [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Ex Vivo Model to Examine the Mechanism and Relationship of Esophageal Microbiota and Disease

et al. 2021

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Rates of esophageal cancer have increased over the last 40 years. Recent clinical research has identified correlations between the esophageal microbiome and disease. However, mechanisms of action have been difficult to elucidate performing human experimentation. We propose an ex vivo model, which mimics the esophagus and is ideal for mechanistic studies on the esophageal microbiome and resultant transcriptome. To determine the microbiome and transcriptome profile of the human distal esophagus, the microbiome was assessed in 74 patients and the transcriptome profile was assessed in 37 patients with and without Barrett’s esophagus. Thereafter, an ex vivo model of the esophagus was created using an air–liquid interfaced (ALI) design. This design created a sterile apical surface and a nutrient-rich basal surface. An epithelial layer was grown on the apical surface. A normal microbiome and Barrett’s microbiome was harvested and created from patients during endoscopic examination of the esophagus. There was a distinct microbiome in patients with Barrett’s esophagus. The ex vivo model was successfully created with a squamous epithelial layer on the apical surface of the ex vivo system. Using this ex vivo model, multiple normal esophageal and Barrett’s esophageal cell lines will be created and used for experimentation. Each microbiome will be inoculated onto the sterile apical surface of each cell line. The resultant microbiome and transcriptome profile on each surface will be measured and compared to results in the human esophagus to determine the mechanism of the microbiome interaction.

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Effects of proton pump inhibitor use on the esophageal microbial community

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Short-term outcomes in children recovered from multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Short-term outcomes in children recovered from multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Microbiome and Cancers of the Esophagus: A Review

Novel Ex Vivo Model to Examine the Mechanism and Relationship of Esophageal Microbiota and Disease

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