Effects of Programmed Fitness Exercise on Body Composition Among Pre-School Children

Abstract

This research included a sample of 79 pre-school boys aged 6 and 7 with 40 of them in the experimental group and 39 in the control group. Their current state of body composition was studied, as well as their relations after a 6-month fitness treatment that the experimental group of participants was involved in, in order to analyze its effects. The experimental group had two classes per week, in addition to regular programmed activities as part of the children’s sport school (three times per week), and as part of 48 of additional, six-month training lessons of exercising in sport (fitness) clubs. The following variables have been used to evaluate body composition with the application of bio-electric impedance In Body 230 such as: muscle mass, percentage of muscle mass, body fat mass, percentage of body fat mass, fat free mass, percentage of fat free mass. Although small to moderate effects were obtained by the double mixed ANOVA, the results show the experimental group’s achievements as significantly higher than those of the control group. Furthermore, with individual eta coefficient findings in comparison with each group measurements, it is clear that the value of the obtained effects is different between groups to the benefit of the experimental group. Permanent implementation of the proposed programme could contribute to an improvement on the studied body composition variables which can result in the better health status of children in future.

The Relationship Between Postural and Nutritional Status in Preschool Children

“…These data suggest that both educators and parents have a responsibility to guide children in maintaining proper body posture during sitting, walking, and physical activities. Proper and systematic exercise is essential for preserving and improving children's health (Bićanin et al, 2017), both during their time in preschool institutions and in their free time (Ćirić et al, 2015). Controlled and appropriately dosed physical activity can prevent the occurrence of excessive nourishment (Epstein et al, 1998…”

Diseño y evaluación de un programa para la mejora de la condición física en Educación Primaria: efecto sobre la autoestima y la intención de ser activo

“…El programa no pareció tener ningún efecto sobre la mejora de la fuerza manual, como también confirmaron estudios previos (Dallolio, Ceciliani, Sanna, Garulli y Leoni, 2016). Este resultado podría explicarse por el mayor trabajo planificado en este programa para los miembros inferiores con respecto a los superiores y por la duración de la intervención, que parece ser un factor determinante en el efecto de este tipo de programas sobre la composición corporal puesto que sólo programas de larga duración parecen incidir en la disminución de la masa grasa (Bicanin, et al, 2018).…”

Differences in the Physical Development of Primary School Children by Gender

“…Professional, scientific and public authorities' attention was increased in last years, so more and more experts were occupied around solving these problems -obesity, poor body posture and lack of physical activity. For the reason of all these facts is necessary to establish intensive physical fitness and body composition monitoring system (de Onis, Onyango, Borghi, Siyam, & Pinol 2006;Tambalis et al, 2015;Ivanović & Gajević, 2016;Bićanin, Milenković, Radovanović, Gajević, & Ivanović, 2018). Essential tool for child growth monitoring contains data of body height and weight.…”