Effects of pregnancy on mothers' sleep

Hedman, Christel; Pohjasvaara, Tarja; Tolonen, U.; Suhonen-Malm, Anna-Stina; Myllylä, V.V.

doi:10.1016/s1389-9457(01)00130-7

Cited by 262 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…3,26,27 In one questionnaire-based study on 325 women, it was reported that only 1.9% of women did not report nocturnal wakening at this point in pregnancy. 6 However, despite decreases in nocturnal sleep time in comparison to the first two trimesters, the mean 24-hour sleep time of pregnant women comes close to the sleep average of the pre-pregnancy period. Day-time naps become regular during this phase, adding additional hours to the 24-hour average sleep time.…”

Section: Third Trimester Physical Issuesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Results of one study indicated that there is a mean increase in daytime sleep hours from week 1 of pregnancy, reaching more than 30 minutes by 11 weeks. 6 Although the sleep time increases, the quality of subjective sleep decreases resulting in decreased sleep efficiency and sleep REM. "Insomnia and excessive sleepiness" have both been categorized as "Pregnancy-associated Disorders" by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders.…”

Section: Physical and Emotional Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, sleep becomes more fragmented, and the quality of sleep declines furthest in the third trimester. 6 Likelihood of developing sleep disorders during pregnancy will also be influenced by factors including pre-existing sleep disorders, mental disorders such as anxiety or depression or certain personality traits. 7,8 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sleep Abnormalities in Pregnancy: Review

Eser¹,

Kaygusuz²,

Gümüş³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst

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A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T Pregnancy and sleep disorders are strongly correlated. Sleep disorders commonly experienced in pregnancy include insomnia, restless legs syndrome, excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep disordered breathing, for example sleep apnea. Causes can be physical discomfort, hormonal changes, alterations in respiratory physiology and psychological and emotional upheaval. Incidence of the different types of sleep disorders varies depending on pregnancy trimester. The first trimester is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness, although this can continue throughout pregnancy. Physical factors such as nausea and vomiting and hormonal changes are important causes. By the second trimester, hormonal changes are stabilising but women may still suffer sleep problems due to enlarged abdomen causing low back pain, abrupt fetal movements, heartburn and nocturia. In the third trimester, the majority of women suffer from sleep problems. Incidence of insomnia and restless legs syndrome reach their maximum. Sleep disordered breathing issues including sleep apnea, snoring and hypoventilation are also more common, influenced by rising progesterone levels, disordered and periodic breathing, excessive weight gain and altered neck circumference. Sleep disorders in pregnancy have been associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Treatment options include improving sleep hygiene, exercise, positional therapy, continuous positive airway pressure, behavioural therapies and, where the sleep disorders are refractory to these types of interventions, short-term pharmacological treatment with suitable hypnotics. Postpartum, many of the pregnancy-associated sleep disorders resolve, however many women continue to experience excessive daytime sleepiness and both pre-and post-partum sleep disorders have been linked to incidence of post-natal depression.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Sleep; pregnancy; sleep disorders Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Gebelik ve uyku bozuklukları arasında kuvvetli bir ilişki vardır. Gebelikte sıklıkla yaşanan uyku bozuklukları insomnia, huzursuz bacak sendromu, gündüz aşırı uyku hali ve uyku apnesi gibi uykuda nefes bozukluklarıdır. Nedenleri fiziksel rahatsızlık, hormonal değişiklikler, solunum fizyolojisindeki değişimler, psikolojik ve duygusal sarsıntılardır. Çeşitli tipteki uyku bozukluklarının insidansı trimesterlere göre değişiklik göstermektedir. İlk trimester gündüz aşırı uyku hali ile ilişkilidir, ancak bu durum gebelik boyunca devam edebilir. Bulantı kusma gibi fiziksel faktörler ve hormonal değişiklikler önemli nedenlerdir. İkinci trimesterle birlikte hormonal değişiklikler stabilize olur fakat kadınlar, genişlemiş karnın neden olduğu sırt ağrısına, ani fetüs hareketlerine, mide yanması ve noktüriye bağlı olarak, uyku problemlerinden hala şikayetçi olabilirler. Üçüncü trimesterde kadınların büyük çoğunluğu uyku problemleri yaşayabilirler. İnsomnia ve huzursuz bacak sendromu insidansı maksimum seviyeye ulaşır. Yükselen progesteron düzeyleri, düzensiz ve periyodik solunum, aşırı kilo alımı ve deği...

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Section: Third Trimester Physical Issuesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Physical and Emotional Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sleep Abnormalities in Pregnancy: Review

Eser¹,

Kaygusuz²,

Gümüş³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, they also have difficulty maintaining sustained sleep, and sleep efficiency is lowered (Hertz, 1992;Suzuki et al, 1994;Lee et al, 2000). These changes in sleep architecture have been observed at the initial stages of pregnancy (Hedman et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2000). Moreover, sleep has been shown to be essential for normal pregnancy-associated physiological changes and fetal development because of the increased risk of pregnancy-induced-hypertension (PIH) and a small-for-gestational-age birth in expectant mothers who snore or have sleep-disordered-breathing (SDB) (Loube, 1996;Franklin et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep quality and sleepiness characteristics in first trimester expectant mothers

Shinkawa¹,

Shimada²,

Fujita³

2008

J. Jpn. Acad. Midwif.

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PurposeBecause sleep is essential for normal pregnancy-associated physiological changes and healthy fetal development it is important to provide advice to first trimester expectant mothers in order to enhance self-care. Therefore, the aims of the present study are to clarify first trimester sleep quality and sleepiness characteristics, and to elucidate the affects of stress on sleep and sleepiness characteristics. MethodsSelf-administered questionnaires were distributed to 46 first trimester expectant mothers who were recruited from outpatient departments of two hospitals in Hiroshima, Japan between April 2007 and January 2008. The questionnaire was composed of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), a sleep log, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). ResultsThe average global score of the PSQI (PSQIG) was 6.67 (±3.20), and 65.2% of participants exceeded the cutoff score. Participants with higher perceived stress had significantly higher PSQIG scores (r=0.38, n=46, p<0.01). There was a positive correlation with PSQIG (r=0.40, n=46, p<0.01) and regularity of bedtime, indicating that participants with well-regulated daily habits have lower PSQIG scores. The average ESS score was 10.1 (±4.3), with 50.0% of participants scoring 11 points or higher. Moreover, primipara had higher scores than multipara (un-paired t (44)=2.52, p <0.05), and those participants with more children had lower scores (r=-0.32, n=46, p<0.05). Sleepiness duration and nap duration were not significantly different for parity. For employment (employed or not-employed), nap duration was significantly different (un-paired t (27)=2.27, p<0.05), however, there was no significant difference in sleepiness duration. ConclusionThis study has shown that first trimester expectant mothers have markedly poor sleep quality and higher levels of sleepiness when compared to women of the same age in the general population. In addition, this study suggests that sleep quality is improved by controlling stress and by having well regulated sleep habits.

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“…6 A prospective study using self-reported questionnaires showed that sleep length began to decrease during the second trimester and quality of sleep worsened during pregnancy. 7 Maternal stress is also a common feature of pregnancy. Exposure to everyday stressors through individual, societal and familial factors may encourage a physiologic response triggering negative maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

World Health Organization

Davidson¹

Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World

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Effects of pregnancy on mothers' sleep

Cited by 262 publications

References 23 publications

Sleep Abnormalities in Pregnancy: Review

Sleep Abnormalities in Pregnancy: Review

Sleep quality and sleepiness characteristics in first trimester expectant mothers

World Health Organization

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