Effects of Partial Cover of Durum Wheat Straw on Soil Evaporation in a Semi-Arid Region

Rinaldi, Michele; Rana, G. S.; Introna, M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2000.537.16

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Conservation practices include fallow periods and stubble mulch (ST) tillage, where plant residue is left on the soil surface following harvest. These practices are intended to reduce evaporation and runoff and promote infiltration: storing water for the next cropping season (Rinaldi et al., 2000; Schlegel & Grant, 2006; Woodruff et al., 1965). However, various conservation practices have shown differential effects on WEOM (Chantigny, 2003; Embacher et al., 2007; Ohno et al., 2009; Zhang, He, Zhao, Zhang, et al., 2011), with some studies reporting decreased labile C under no‐till (NT) practices (Embacher et al., 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water extractable organic matter under long‐term dryland cropping systems on the Texas High Plains

Waldrip

Schwartz

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Water extractable organic matter (WEOM) is critical for soil fertility because of its role as a readily available C substrate for microbial metabolism. In the semi‐arid Texas High Plains, dryland cropping systems are common because of limited precipitation and irrigation water. Little is known about the long‐term effects of dryland cropping on soil WEOM content and composition, and how these differ from native grassland. The objective of this study was to use soils collected near Amarillo, TX, in 1977 and 2013 to examine the long‐term (72 yr total cropping length) effects of dryland cropping systems [continuous wheat and wheat–fallow rotations] and tillage methods (disk plow, stubble‐mulch tillage, and delayed stubble‐mulch tillage) on WEOM characteristics, compared with native grassland. In cropped plots, water‐extractable organic carbon (WEOC) concentrations, a measure of WEOM content, were depleted regardless of tillage or crop, with reductions up to 13% in 1977 and 60% in 2013, compared with native grassland in 2013. Other parameters of WEOM changed over time, where cropped soils from 2013 had proportionally more WEOM in aromatic, phenolic, and lignin‐like forms, attributed to recently incorporated crop residues. In contrast, WEOM in cropped soils from 1977 and native grassland (2013) contained more functional groups (e.g., aliphatic, aromatic, polysaccharide, phenol, etc.) and humic‐like substances than cropped soils in 2013. This suggests that long‐term dryland cropping led to depletion of stable, humic‐like WEOM. Enhancement of WEOM stocks and long‐term sustainability in the Texas High Plains may require more vigorous conservation systems than currently used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water extractable organic matter under long‐term dryland cropping systems on the Texas High Plains

Waldrip

Schwartz

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Sustainable alternative technologies (e.g. covering with mulch or intercropping) can positively affect the water content of the soil (Rinaldi et al, 2000;Varga and Májer, 2004). However, suboptimal intercropping systems can also have negative effects on the soil moisture and on vine-growth, due to e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercropping experiments in Hungarian vineyards

Donkó

Miglécz

Tótmérész

et al. 2015

Acta fytotechn zootechn

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Intensive mechanical soil cultivation and herbicide treatment was often the preferred technology in vineyards in the second half of the 20 th century. In the last decades we increasingly experienced the disadvantages of these suboptimal technologies: soil degradation, erosion and deflation damages. Alternative cultivation methods were sought for research and practice, especially in organic viticulture. The use of well-adapted cover-crop mixtures in the vine inter-rows poses a possible solution for weed control, soil conservation and biodiversity development. The technology has a special importance on steep slopes: it helps to prevent erosion damages and provides easier cultivation circumstances. In 2012 the Hungarian Research institute of Organic Agriculture in collaboration with other experts and growers began to study three different species-rich cover crop mixtures (Biocont-Ecovin, Legume mixture, Grass-herb mixture) in Hungarian vineyards. Each mixture was sown in three neighbouring inter-rows at each experimental site. After sowing (March 2012) we studied vegetation composition (June 2012, 2013 and 2014), pruning weight and diameter of the second bearing spur of the stocks, yield quality and quantity. Most of the sown species established successfully and in 2012 we found that Biocont-Ecovin and the mixture of legumes were the most effective in weed suppression. For 2013 we detected lower weed coverage in the inter-rows sown with the grass-herb and legume mixtures, while in control and Biocont-Ecovin inter-rows we detected increasing weed coverage. In the third year (2014) we found in every plot? that the grass-herb mixture-covered inter-rows were the least weedy. The most successful species in the inter-rows are: Coronilla varia, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Onobrychis viciifolia, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens, Trifolium pratense. Viticultural measurements (2014) show a 10-13 % decrease of yield in case of covered inter-rows, and a 26 and 21 % reduction in pruning weight (Gróf Degenfeld and Tokaj-Hétszőlő), especially apparent in young plantations. For Hungarian conditions it is therefore recommended to implement this technology in every second inter-row where erosion control is not required.

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“…The presence of mulch eliminates the need for frequent soil tillage in agroecosystems. It prevents the soil like an umbrella by heavy rainstorms (Schuch, 1981;Rinaldi et al, 2000;Varga, 2004). The prevention of the soil is important, because the soil moisture in the whole profile depend primarily on the intensity of rainfall, not on the total amount of it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three soil cultivation method in case of grape

Göblyös

Zanathy

2010

Int. j. hortic. sci.

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Our results show that the different cultivation methods have effect on the yield and the grape quality as well. In 2008 and 2009 the straw mulch proved to be the best solution regarding the yield. The soil compaction was reduced in these plots and the photosintetical activity was also higher. Straw mulch could conserve the moisture content of the soil. The less yield was observed in case of barely covered vines and also the vegetative growth of the grape was less intensive in case of these vines, but it seems to be contributed to the conformation of suitable microclimate for Botrytis infection.

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Effects of Partial Cover of Durum Wheat Straw on Soil Evaporation in a Semi-Arid Region

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Soil water extractable organic matter under long‐term dryland cropping systems on the Texas High Plains

Soil water extractable organic matter under long‐term dryland cropping systems on the Texas High Plains

Intercropping experiments in Hungarian vineyards

Comparison of three soil cultivation method in case of grape

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