Effects of organic fertilizer and plant spacing on early-medium maturity soybean

Abstract

Efforts to increase soybean productivity must be synergy with the improvement of soil fertility through fertilizer, especially organic fertilizer. Population density of a crop determines to a greater extent its performance in terms of soybean yield. Based on the two cultivation techniques mention above, that is expected to increase soybean productivity. The objective of this research was to obtain organic fertilizer and plant spacing that can support the development of early-medium maturity soybean (Lokal Jateng soybean lines/Sinabung-1036) to achieve 3 ton dry seed per hectare. The research was conducted at Alfisol soil Muneng Station Research, Probolinggo and at Entisol soil Genteng Station Research, Banyuwangi on dry season (DS) 2012. The experiment used split plot design with three replications. As the main plot was plant spacing, namely: 1) 40 cm x 10 cm, 2 plants/hole, 2) 40 cm x 15 cm, 2 plants/hole, 3) 40 cm x 20 cm, 1 plant/hole, and 4) 40 cm x 20 cm, 2 plants/hole. As the sub plot were four doses and types of organic fertilizer, namely: 1) without organic fertilizer, 2) 2.5 t manure/ha, 3) 5 t manure/ha, and 4) 2 t Santap NM-2/ha. The result showed that the potential yield of 3 t/ha for large, early-medium maturity soybean could not be achieved at Alfisol soil Probolinggo and at Entisol soil Banyuwangi by planting soybean of Lokal Jateng soybean lines/Sinabung-1036 with plant spacing 40 cm x 10-20 cm, 1-2 plants/hole and application of 2.5-5 t manure/ha or 2 t Santap NM-2/ha.

The effects on the root and plant development of soybean of organic fertilizer applications

“…In addition, the PH was similar at all fertilizer applications in the V3 GS while the greatest plant height (51.92 cm) was measured for vermicompost application in R1 GS (Table 2). Kuntyastuti et al (2018) who reported no significant difference in soybean plant height at 40 days after planting for four manure applications (V3 measurements were made on day 44 in the present study) and Miladinovic and Dordevic (2011) reported that plants primarily form roots in the V3 GS. Moghadam et al (2014) reported that vermicompost use (10 ton acre -1 or 25 ton ha -1 ) in soybean cultivation had a positive effect on plant growth and seed yield.…”

“…These results may indicate that especially P and K affect the rate of dry matter accumulation. Kuntyastuti et al (2018) reported that among organic fertilizer treatments, (namely 2.5 t cow manure ha-1, 5 t cow manure ha-1 and 2 t Santap NM-2 ha-1), there were no significant differences in mean root and plant dry weight (BDW) 40 days after planting. In the present study, the values obtained in the V3 GS (44 days after planting) were similar to those reported by Kuntyastuti et al (2018).…”

Effect of application of organic and inorganic fertilizer on soybean yield in lowland Vertisols

“…On an Alfisol of Probolinggo and an Alluvial of Banyuwangi, application of 2,500-5,000 kg organic fertilizer/ha or 2,000 kg Santap NM2 fertilizer/ha did not increase the yield of Local Central Java/Sinabung-1036 soybean line. Soybean yield reached 2.77 t/ha in an Alfisol of Probolinggo, and 2.54 t/ha in an Alluvial of Banyuwangi (Kuntyastuti et al, 2018). In Vertisols of Ngawi and Madiun, application of 300 kg Phonska/ha did not increase soybean yield.…”

Residual Effect of Cow Dung Fertilizer to Corn (Zea mays L.) Growth and Yield in Planting Period II in Marginal Land

“…Cow dung contains a high amount of nutrients essential for plants. Cow dung has higher pH (6.21), C/N ratio is less than 10, which means that the nutrients contained in cow dung can be quickly utilized by crops [8]. The results of the analysis of the nutrient content of cow dung consist of C organic 16.49%, N total 1.65%, P 0.84%, K 0.79%, Na 0.32%, Ca 1.79%, C/N 10, KTK 95.83 me 100 g -1 and organic material 28.54% [9].…”