Effects of Ocean Acidification on Benthic Processes, Organisms, and Ecosystems

Abstract

The benthic environment refers to the region defined by the interface between a body of water and the bottom substrate, including the upper part of the sediments, regardless of the depth and geographical location. Hence, benthic environments, their organisms, and their ecosystems are highly variable as they encompass the full depth range of the oceans with associated changes in physical and chemical properties as well as differences linked to latitudinal and geographical variation. The effects of ocean acidifi…